Intelligence services of foreign states. Scouts have always been, are and will be

The country has a professional anti-mafia team. All the most high-profile criminal cases of recent times related to corruption and fraud were conducted by the group of FSB General Sergei Korolev. At the beginning of July, Sergei Korolev received the Service under his command. economic security(SEB) FSB

"In the fight against the Russian Cosa Nostra"

Behind the most high-profile criminal cases of recent times is a team of FSB officers led by General Sergei Korolev, who until recently headed the department’s Internal Security Directorate (USB) of the FSB, and in early July received the Economic Security Service (SEB) of the FSB under his command, said
RBC.

In the early 2000s, Korolev served in the third department of the Economic Security Service of the FSB, which oversaw law enforcement agencies. In those days they looked at it practically as a pension, Fontanka wrote the other day.

A few years later, news reached St. Petersburg - Korolev became an adviser to the Minister of Defense Anatoly Serdyukov, while overseeing the Main Directorate of the General Staff, which is more often called the GRU.

Soon, unexpectedly for everyone, Korolev became the head of the Main Directorate of Internal Security of the FSB of Russia. In the police environment, security officers are called watchmen. It turns out he was watching the watchmen.

Under Korolev, the Sixth Service became one of the most significant units in the CSS. According to RBC's interlocutor, close to the USB, it was created in 2008, it includes only about 35 people. The service is headed by Ivan Tkachev, writes RBC.

Of course, before detaining governors and other high-ranking officials, the head of the service coordinates the position with FSB Director Bortnikov. And with such questions you need to approach the president. The resolution should be the same everywhere: “To work.” Signature, date. Which, in fact, means – in Lefortovo, notes Fontanka.

The Economic Security Service is one of the key units in the FSB, explains retired FSB Major General, member of the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy Alexander Mikhailov. According to him, in the USSR, in the context of confrontation with the West, main role played by employees directly involved in counterintelligence, but in last years the importance of SEB has increased markedly.

The structure of the FSB SEB is not officially disclosed. As she wrote “ New Newspaper“, the Economic Security Service includes seven departments: for counterintelligence support of the credit and financial system (directorate “K”), industrial enterprises, transport, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Justice, for the fight against smuggling and drug trafficking, organizational and analytical department and administrative service.

From 2004 to 2008, the SEB was headed by Alexander Bortnikov, who moved from this post directly to the post of director of the FSB. Yakovlev became Bortnikov's successor in the leadership of the SEB. On July 8, Vladimir Putin appointed a new head of one of the key divisions of the FSB - the Economic Security Service. It was Sergei Korolev.

The most notorious criminal cases of the Sixth Service

May 8, 2015. Police Lieutenant General Denis Sugrobov, who headed the Main Directorate of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs until February 2014, was detained. Let us remind you that he was arrested on charges of organizing a criminal community, provoking a bribe and exceeding official powers. His deputy Boris Kolesnikov was also arrested and soon committed suicide.

September 2015. The head of the Komi Republic, Vyacheslav Gaizer, was arrested on charges of fraud and organizing a criminal community. There are 19 people involved in the Gaiser case, including ex-State Duma deputy from Komi Evgeny Samoilov.

March 4, 2016. Governor Alexander Khoroshavin was detained on Sakhalin and is charged with accepting a bribe in the amount of $6 million.

March 14, 2016. Deputy Minister of Culture Grigory Pirumov was detained in Rostov. The total amount of damage charged to him and other defendants is more than 100 million rubles. In addition to Pirumov, the director of the St. Petersburg company BaltStroy, Dmitry Sergeev, and other responsible persons were arrested in the so-called “restorer case.”

End of March 2016. “St. Petersburg businessman No. 1,” billionaire Dmitry Mikhalchenko, was arrested. He has been charged with smuggling. According to investigators, he purchased at European auctions elite alcohol, which came to Russia under the guise of construction sealant.

As RBC notes, the Mikhalchenko case is not the only case of smuggling that the Internal Security Service is dealing with. At the end of 2015, management became interested in the case of ULS Global. Among the persons involved in the investigation was the head of the 7th Department of Directorate “K” (it deals with counterintelligence support in the credit and financial sphere) of the FSB Economic Security Service, Vadim Uvarov.

The connection with Mikhalchenko affected the career of one of the country’s most senior security officials - FSO director Evgeniy Murov.

Murov worked for several years with Mikhalchenko’s business partner Nikolai Negodov in the regional department of the FSB. Murov, Mikhalchenko, Negodov lived in the same village on the shores of Lake Valdai in the Novgorod region.

At the end of May, by decision of the president, Murov was dismissed. The head of state's press secretary, Dmitry Peskov, explained Murov's dismissal by his advanced age, RBC recalls.

June 24, 2016. In a Moscow restaurant, the governor was caught red-handed while receiving 400 thousand euros Kirov region, former chairman Union of Right Forces Nikita Belykh.

July 13, 2016. The court authorized the arrest of Zakhary Kalashov (Shakro Molodoy), who was charged with extortion and organizing a criminal community.

On the night of July 18-19. Deputy head of the Main Investigative Directorate for Moscow Denis Nikandrov, head of the State Administration interdepartmental interaction and own security of the Investigative Committee Mikhail Maksimenko and his deputy, head of the internal security department Alexander Lamonov.

July 26, 2016. Investigators found about 10 million rubles and hundreds of thousands of dollars and euros during a search of the house head of the Federal Customs Service RF Andrey Belyaninov. Searches were also carried out in the offices of Belyaninov’s deputies, Andrei Strukov and Ruslan Davydov. During the searches, items and documents relevant to the investigation of the criminal case of alcohol smuggling were seized.

As it became known today, July 28, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev signed an order on the resignation of the head of the Federal Customs Service Andrei Belyaninov.

Let us note, following Fontanka, that Khoroshavin, Gaizer, Belykh are the governor’s power. Sugrobov is a policewoman. Pirumov - ministerial. Mikhalchenko is capitalist. Citizen Shakro is a mafia member. Today we reached the Investigative Committee and the Federal Customs Service.

Reshuffles in the FSB

In June, the head of department “K” (part of the SEB structure), Viktor Voronin, lost his post, immediate superior Vadim Uvarov.

The CSS had information that Voronin was connected with Mikhalchenko, two interlocutors close to the CSS management told RBC. Voronin’s resignation occurred as a result of an internal audit carried out at the SEB by employees of the Internal Security Service.

Soon after the first audit, the Department of Internal Security began a second audit. Upon its completion, the head of the SEB, Yuri Yakovlev, resigned.

A few weeks before Yakovlev’s resignation, Korolev became the main contender for his place, interlocutors in the special service told RBC. It was he who was appointed head of the SEB on July 8.

Now reshuffles are continuing in the FSB, but at the level of mid-level operatives of the Economic Security Service. According to one of RBC’s interlocutors in the FSB, close to the leadership of the special service, the scale of dismissals is still difficult to assess, but it is already known that about ten people will lose their posts, about half of whom will be additionally checked in connection with possible violations legislation.

Another RBC interlocutor in the intelligence service said that at least one person from among the SEB employees left the country. According to another RBC source, one of the operatives of the Economic Security Service was fired on July 8 - the day when the decree appointing a new head of the Economic Security Service was signed.

Agents of such intelligence and counterintelligence services are feared all over the world, their names are classified, their faces are hidden from view. ordinary people. Despite the fact that information about them is marked “Classified,” some things still leak to the press. We offer you ten intelligence services that have remained the most active for many years.

1 ISI

First on the list is ISI - Pakistani Intelligence, for the purpose of sharing military information between the commanders-in-chief of the Pakistani armed forces. It was created in 1948, and on given time has about ten thousand of its agents around the world.

2 CIA

CIA - American intelligence famous all over the world. She conducted more than six international operations, the most famous of them is Operation Cyclops, which took place during the war in Afghanistan. The forces of this intelligence service are devoted not only to collecting intelligence abroad, covert operations and anti-terrorism, but also advising politicians.

3 MI6

MI6 is a British creation that is often compared to the American CIA. Intelligence can boast high level efficiency in completing tasks, and a well-thought-out operating structure domestic policy. The most amazing fact we can assume that this structure recruits its agents via the Internet.

4

FSB - Russian intelligence. It was created in 1995, and since then the staff has increased to 350 thousand people. Border security, intelligence, anti-terrorist activities and counterintelligence - all this falls under the jurisdiction of the FSB.

5 DGSE

DGSE is a French intelligence service formed back in 1982. Its main tasks are national security and intelligence gathering. The intelligence service is part of the defense structure of the Ministry of Defense throughout France. The last successful operation of this intelligence service was carried out in May 2011, when its agents were sent to support Libyan rebels.

6 BND

The BND is a German intelligence service that was created on April 1, 1956. Its staff consists of more than 6 thousand employees. Its agents carried out many successful operations, especially a banking operation in Liechtenstein.

7

MOSSAD is a well-known Israeli counterintelligence agency created in 1949. Its head reports directly to the president of the country. The latest, most scandalous Lately The operation was called the murder of Mahmoud al-Mambhouh.

8 RAW

RAW is an Indian intelligence agency whose creation was recorded on September 21, 1968. Main tasks: covert operations, information collection and anti-terrorism. At the end of 2009, RAW officers in Nepal carried out several successful operations and most of the suspects were brought to justice.

9 A.S.I.S.

ASIS is an Australian intelligence service created in 1952. Responsible for intelligence gathering and protection economic interests Australia. The intelligence service participated in Papua New Guinea, where she contributed to the suppression of the independence movement in several cities.

10 CSIS

CSIS is a Canadian military intelligence agency created in the image of MI6 and the CIA. It was created in 1984. CSIS works closely with US intelligence and assists it in many operations.

German Federal Intelligence Service, BND

German Federal Intelligence Service - service foreign intelligence Germany, created in 1955 on the basis of the so-called “General Gehlen organization”. It is the largest in terms of number of employees federal agency Germany. The BND has a staff of about 7 thousand employees, of which 2 thousand are engaged in collecting intelligence abroad. The main tasks of the department are the collection and analysis of intelligence. information, as well as identifying and countering threats to sovereignty and interests Federal Republic Germany. The BND also devotes a significant portion of its resources to the fight against terrorism.

Directorate General for External Security, DGSE (France)

Directorate General external security- the main foreign intelligence agency of France, created on April 2, 1982. Its task is to provide intelligence and national security, in particular by carrying out paramilitary and counterintelligence operations abroad. The main office is located in the 20th arrondissement of Paris. The staff as of 2011 totals 4,747 people. As with most other intelligence services, the details of its activities and organization are not made public.

In eighth place in the list of the best intelligence services in the world is the Ministry state security The PRC is an intelligence service whose main functions are counterintelligence, foreign and internal intelligence, as well as political security of the Chinese People's Republic. It was created on June 6, 1983. The headquarters is located in Beijing.

Australian Secret Intelligence Service, ASIS

The Australian Secret Intelligence Service, headquartered in Canberra, is responsible for intelligence collection, counterintelligence and liaison with intelligence services of other countries. It was created on May 13, 1952. However, the Australian government officially confirmed its existence only in 1977. It is interesting that the training of the first ASIS employees was carried out by employees of the British MI6.

Research and Analysis Department, RAW (India)

One of the best intelligence agencies in the world is the Research and Analysis Department - India's foreign intelligence service. It was created in September 1968. Its main functions are foreign intelligence, counter-terrorism, covert operations, obtaining and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and ensuring security. nuclear program India.

Intelligence and Special Tasks Agency, Mossad (Israel)

Mossad - national intelligence service Israel, the equivalent of the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). It is considered one of the most effective and professional intelligence services in the world. Its main tasks are the collection and analysis of intelligence. information, as well as conducting secret special operations outside the country. The organization was formed in March 1951. The main office is located in Tel Aviv on King Shaul Boulevard. Currently, the estimated number of Mossad employees is 1,200. The most famous successful operations of this department are: the search and kidnapping of the Nazi included in the rating of the most cruel rulers in history, Adolf Eichmann, the kidnapping of nuclear technician Mordechai Vanunu, eliminating the causes of the Munich massacre on Olympic Games in 1972 and many others.

Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, FSB

Federal Security Service Russian Federation- Russian National Security Service, successor to the KGB. Its main functions are counterintelligence, intelligence and border activities, the fight against terrorism, corruption and especially dangerous forms of crime, as well as ensuring information security. It was formed on April 3, 1995. The headquarters is located in the main building former KGB on Lubyanka, Moscow.

British Secret Intelligence Service, MI6

The British Secret Intelligence Service is the UK's foreign intelligence service, headquartered in London. It was founded in 1909. However, its existence was officially recognized only in 1994. The main tasks of MI6 are the fight against espionage (counterintelligence), as well as the collection, processing and analysis of political, economic, technical and scientific information that threatens the interests of Great Britain.

Central Intelligence Agency, CIA (USA)

Central intelligence agency- an American secret agency whose main functions are to conduct covert operations, as well as collect and analyze information about foreign governments, organizations, companies and individuals. The special service was created in 1947. The headquarters is located in Langley, Virginia, 13 km from Washington.

Pakistan Inter-Services Intelligence, ISI

Most the best intelligence service world is the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence, created in 1948. Known as the most influential, powerful and well-equipped intelligence agency in Islamic world. Its headquarters consists of several buildings and is located in Islamabad. According to some experts, the ISI is the largest intelligence agency in the world in terms of number of employees. Although they total number never made public, it is estimated to be around 10,000.

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If we talk today about what the hierarchy of the world's intelligence services looks like, the top five best intelligence world, then this rating can be built in the following way: in first place is the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), today it is the world's leading intelligence service, the potential of which is supported by enormous funding.

Today, the CIA, first of all, has a fairly large intelligence apparatus; each of the American embassies operating in any country in the world, under the roof of the embassy, ​​has a CIA station, which includes a fairly qualified apparatus of operational and technical employees. In the CIA, one can also note the presence of a very large and solid information and analytical apparatus, because any information that comes to intelligence needs careful verification in classification. And that the conclusions and proposals that can be implemented on the basis of one or another intelligence report form the basis of those certificates that are prepared for the country’s top leadership.

I would also like to note that every morning the director of the CIA reports to the President of the United States of America the so-called intelligence report, which notes everything that is happening and has happened in the world over the past day from the point of view of US interests and acceptance certain decisions in order to influence certain processes. The CIA is still engaged in covert operations, we remember the color revolutions in the post-Soviet space and it is no secret who conducted them. And to whom did the leaders of certain revolutions come for consultation. Naturally, the center and brain are the American embassies in these countries.

In second place we can safely put the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service and the Main Intelligence Directorate General Staff armed forces. Of course, if we compare the capabilities that the KGB and the GRU had during the Soviet Union, they were larger-scale and more global. Today, the range and purpose of the tasks that face our military and political intelligence are changing, but we still certainly must monitor all potential threats that may arise far from Russian borders, but then receive some kind of materialization in the form of military or political threats to our country.

Unfortunately, it should be noted that the second half of the nineties and the beginning of the 2000s were not entirely successful for our intelligence, primarily for the SVR. This was due to the fact that in the central apparatus of the SVR and in a number of Western stations that we had in the USA and Great Britain, there were obviously “moles” operating - that’s what people in intelligence are called who are at the same time career officers intelligence, worked for foreign intelligence services. We have lost a number of brilliant agent positions both in the central apparatus of the CIA and, of course, in the apparatus of the Federal Bureau of Investigation - this is the body that deals with domestic intelligence in the United States, including counterintelligence, here we need to name our best agent Robert Hansan, when he was exposed, tried and given life imprisonment conclusions. And naturally, his exposure is a betrayal in our own ranks. But the SVR was able to lick its wounds and overcome this unfavorable syndrome that we developed after the collapse Soviet Union. And there were massive facts of betrayal of our intelligence officers to the side of Western intelligence services. Today we can state that, just like the GRU, the SVR is quite effectively implementing the tasks that the Kremlin sets for it, both in the field of undercover penetration into the territories of a number of Western states, and in terms of the fight against international terrorism.

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And precisely because the collection of secret information is very important occupation, in many countries of the world secret agencies play a very important role. Failure of secret missions can lead to dire consequences(the 9/11 attack is one such example), while successful operations help the country avoid many tragedies.

We present to your attention the ten best, in our opinion, secret world agencies of our time. Please note that these are current agencies (sorry KGB fans).

Number 10 – KSRS (Canada)

The Canadian Secret Intelligence Service (CSRS) was formed in 1984 from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Like the CIA and MI6, the CRS was formed as a civilian agency with no ties to the military or police. Canadian secret agents worked both inside and outside the country.

They tried to monitor and prevent threats to Canada's security. KRSC came under criticism after the 1985 shooting down of Air India Flight 182 carrying 280 Canadian citizens. KSRS officials said several strategic errors resulted in the loss of black box data. To date, no one has been held accountable for this incident.

Something to be proud of: From 1988 to 1994, CRPF agent Grant Bristow was infiltrated into the Canadian white supremacy movement and became the head of security for the Heritage Front, the most well-known organization white supremacy in Canada. Bristow's activities led to several arrests and prevented several "acts of retaliation." His cover was blown in 1994 by a Toronto journalist.

Number 9 – ACPA (Australia)

The Australian Secret Intelligence Agency (ASRA) was formed in 1952. His responsibilities included collecting classified information, counterintelligence, and especially countering other intelligence services in the world.

Most recently, the Australian government published a contested claim that allows ASRA to cooperate with other organizations (like the CIA) in various paramilitary operations, but does not require ASRA agents to personally participate in them.

ACPA has been criticized on several occasions, including one incident in 1994 when it was accused of keeping the personal files of thousands of Australian citizens secret.

What you can be "proud of": In 1983, during a training operation at the Sheraton Hotel (Melbourne), an ordinary low-profile agency attracted unwanted public attention. What began as a test of the organization's readiness to rescue a foreign secret service agent turned into a "total release."
The agents participating in the training put pressure on hotel employees and guests, and used physical strength to the hotel manager, thereby fulfilling “his mission.”

Number 8 – PIA (India)

India's Foreign Intelligence Agency (FIA) was formed in 1968 as a result of big drawback in the intelligence required during the wars with Pakistan and China.

Unlike most Western agencies, the PIA was formed as one of the divisions of the Indian federal cabinet and does not bear any responsibility to the Indian Parliament. Much of the PIA's attention lately has been focused on India's neighbor Pakistan.

During the Kargil War in Kashmir in 1999, the PIA established links between Pakistani intelligence and terrorist groups and also infiltrated almost all paramilitary forces in the Kashmir valley.

Something to be proud of: PIA played a significant role in the formation of Bangladesh in 1971. The agency helped raise a wave of irritation ruling regime among the population of Bangladesh (then this country was part of Pakistan and was called East Pakistan), which led to the formation partisan army Bangladesh.
The FIA ​​undercover infiltrated East Pakistan and carried out a number of secret operations, which helped defeat the Pakistani army.

Number 7 – MOSSAD (Israel)

Israel's extremely active intelligence agency (MOSSAD) is involved in intelligence gathering, counter-terrorism and various covert operations.

The director of the agency answers directly to the head of state - the prime minister. MOSSAD is civil service, its employees do not have any military ranks, although most have served in the Israeli military (this is mandatory).
The most famous unit of MOSSAD is the Special Operations Division or Metsada. Metsada is responsible for several assassinations, military operations, sabotage and psychological warfare.

What you can be proud of: In 1960, MOSSAD agents learned that Adolf Eichmann was a famous Nazi criminal, lived in Argentina under the name Ricardo Klement. He was kidnapped from the country by a group MOSSAD agents and transported to Israel, where he was convicted and executed.

Number 6 – FSRC (Germany)

Predecessor agency Federal service Intelligence and Counterintelligence (FSRK) of Germany was formed before World War II and was intended to monitor the Soviet Union.
Currently, the agency is a kind of “early warning system” for the German government about the emergence of potential threats to the country’s security (tapping telephone conversations and electronic surveillance of international communications service).

The annual budget of the FSRC is very large and exceeds 430 million euros. FSRC has been embroiled in several recent internal scandals involving wiretapping and surveillance of journalists, and they have also used reporters as spies.

Something to be proud of: During the Iraq War in 2003, the German government refused to provide US President George W. Bush with military units to participate in the coalition. At the same time, two FSRC agents distinguished themselves by handing over copies of the Baghdad defense plans that were developed by Saddam Hussein a month before the invasion.

Number 5 – MSR (Pakistan)

Poor coordination between the Army, Navy and Air Force during the Indo-Pakistan War in 1947 led to the formation of the Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) a year later. Since then, the agency's influence has steadily grown, thanks to the influence of Pakistani leaders.

Since 9/11, MSI has worked extensively with the CIA to prevent terrorist attacks by both Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, as well as Pakistan's homegrown terrorists. The MSR is a deceptively active and powerful agency, known for its style of waging "stealth" wars.

Something to be proud of: In 1980, the MSI foiled an attempted plot against the President of Pakistan, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, during a national parade.

The conspirators, who included high-ranking military commanders, planned to carry out a bloody coup in the country and replace the existing rule with an extremist Islamic government. The MSI arrested the alleged plotters and their supporters before the planned coup began.

Number 4 – GDVB (France)

The General Directorate of External Security (GDVB) was formed relatively recently, in 1982, to replace the external counterintelligence service SDECE. The Directorate is responsible for collecting classified information and carrying out preventive measures to detect and find the activities of agents from other countries of the world directed against the interests of France.

Although the agency is low profile, this did not stop them from bombing the GREENPEACE fleet, which protested against France's nuclear tests. Thanks to the activity law enforcement New Zealand's conspiracy was exposed. Two GDVB agents were arrested and found guilty of the death of a journalist who drowned in that incident.

What you can be proud of: The GDVB Agency quickly demonstrated what it is worth. In the 80s, a group of Soviet spies collecting information about technical developments Western countries for the USSR. This is still the largest group of secret industrial espionage agents ever uncovered in Europe or the United States.

Number 3 – GRU (Russia)

When we think of Russian intelligence, we usually think of the KGB. However, the KGB was dissolved by Boris Yeltsin in 1995, while the even older Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) continued to operate despite the fall of the USSR. The GRU was founded in 1918 by Vladimir Lenin, and dealt with all matters of military intelligence.

Since that time, the GRU has taken part in many significant anti-national uprisings in Eastern Europe. According to the former agent, the GRU has created a number of secret weapons warehouses in the United States that are accessible to Russian special agents.

What you can be proud of: The activities of the GRU are not very noticeable. But it is believed that it was involved in the assassination attempt former president Chechnya Zelimkhan Yandarbiev, who lived in Qatar until 2004 and was accused of collaborating with al-Qaeda. The assassination attempt took place in the Qatari capital, Doha, with a direct bomb hitting the car in which the president was sitting.

Number 2 – MI6 (UK)

The Secret Intelligence Service, or MI6, was formed just before World War I to monitor the activities of the Imperial German government. Over the years, MI6 has been involved in every significant conflict of the 20th and 21st centuries.

Even before the terrorist attacks of September 11, MI6 was actively cooperating with its American counterparts and sharing classified intelligence, as well as accepting Active participation in secret operations. MI6, with the assistance of the CIA, took part in the overthrow of several ruling regimes around the world, the most famous of which were the revolutions in the Congo in 1961 and Iran in 1953.

Something to be proud of: 007 stories aside, MI6's most successful recent operation was the hostage rescue in Lebanon in the 1980s. In particular, thanks to MI6 agents, a serious internal conflict within Lebanese parliamentary groups, which made it no longer possible to hold hostages.

Number 1 – CIA (USA)

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was founded in 1947. The agency's activities include the following three main functions:
1) Obtaining and analyzing information about foreigners,
2) Propaganda and public relations,
3) Secret operations related to the security of the president.

During times cold war The CIA received more freedom action because the American government believed that such freedom was necessary to successfully confront the KGB.
As a result, the CIA was involved in many successful operations and failed attempts to eliminate unnecessary leaders of countries. The most famous among them were operations in Chile and Congo (successful), as well as in Cuba (unsuccessfully).

What to be proud of: Bay of Pigs Invasion may be the most significant, but BLUEBIRD (the James Bourne films starring Matt Damon) is more shocking. From 1951 to 1953, the CIA conducted experiments related to human mind control, which involved research into the process of creating a new human personality (or several) and replacing memories. For this purpose, electrodes were placed in a person's brain, which made it possible to control his behavior using remote transmitters, and electric shock treatment was used to erase his memory.

Shh...quiet. It's a secret

As you already understand, intelligence is not only exact sciences. Dress up in it with successful operations, failures happen. Intelligence gathering and covert operations are extremely risky, for which, in addition to sober calculation (often everything is based on guesswork), you need a lot of luck.

And failures, it seems unsuccessful attempts the elimination of Fidel Castro in the 60s only confirms the fact that operations do not always go as smoothly as in the James Bond films.

Considering the pace of Russia's revival, soon this list will be modified ;).