Leninist Komsomol: the birth of the Komsomol in the USSR. Northwestern Federal District

ALL-UNION LENINIST COMMUNIST YOUTH UNION(VLKSM), mass social-political. organization of Soviet youth.

Komsomol is an active assistant and reserve of the Communist. Sov party Union. The Komsomol helps the party educate young people in the spirit of communism, involve them in practical activities. building a new society, preparing the generation comprehensively developed people, who will live, work and manage societies and affairs under communism (see Charter of the Komsomol, 1968, p. 3).

Commemorative banner of the CPSU Central Committee, presented to the Komsomol Central Committee in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol. October 1968.

Russian communist Youth Union (RKSM) was created at the 1st All-Russian Congress. Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth 29 Oct. 1918. In July 1924, the RKSM was named after V.I. Lenin - Ross. Leninist communist Youth Union (RLKSM). In connection with education USSR(1922) the Komsomol in March 1926 was renamed the All-Union Leninist Communist. Youth Union (VLKSM).

According to the Komsomol Charter, boys and girls aged 14 to 28 years are accepted into the Komsomol. In 1971, St. was a member of the Komsomol. 28 million young people of all nations and nationalities of the USSR. For 50 years, the Komsomol has undergone political school more than 100 million sovs. of people. Komsomol - Kommunist reserve. parties: from 1918 to 971 St. joined the CPSU. 10 million Komsomol members. Ch. The task of the Komsomol is to help the party educate young men and women on the great ideas of Marxism-Leninism, on heroism. revolutionary traditions struggle, using the examples of the selfless labor of workers, collective farmers, and intellectuals, to develop and strengthen among young people a class approach to all phenomena of society and life, to prepare persistent, highly educated, work-loving builders of communism. The sacred duty of the Komsomol is to prepare young people to defend socialism. Fatherland, to educate selfless patriots who are capable of rebuffing the attack of any enemy. The Komsomol educates young men and women in the spirit of loyalty to the principles of prolet, internationalism, friendship of youth of all countries, actively promotes the strengthening of ties with fraternal youth unions, the expansion of international. democratic youth movement. The principle of organization buildings of the Komsomol is democratic centralism. Primary organizations of the Komsomol are created at enterprises, collective farms, state farms, educational institutions. institutions, institutions, parts of the Soviet Union. Army and Navy. The highest governing body of the Komsomol - All-Union Congress; All work of the Union between congresses is managed by the Central Committee of the Komsomol, which elects the Bureau and Secretariat. The Komsomol builds its work on the basis of strict adherence to the Leninist principles of collective leadership, the comprehensive development of intra-Komsomol democracy, broad initiative and initiative of all its members, criticism and self-criticism. Every Komsomol member considers it an honor to become a member of the CPSU and with all his activities and studies prepares to join its ranks.

Historical sketch

The history of the Komsomol, Prolet, and the youth movement is inextricably linked with the history of the revolutionaries. struggle of the working class, all owls. people under the leadership of the Communist. parties for building communism. The living conditions of young workers, fundamental class interests, the entire revolution. The situation in Russia prompted them to take the path of struggle against the tsarist regime and capitalism. The party followed the precepts of K. Marx, who taught that “... the most advanced workers are fully aware that the future of their class, and, consequently, of humanity, depends entirely on the education of the younger working generation” (Marke K. and Engels F. ., Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 16, p. 198).

Under the influence of the labor movement in con. 19 and beginning 20th centuries student activity has become more active in the country. movement. Bolshevik organizations in higher education. institutions helped the party unite the democratic. students, propagated the ideas of Marxism.

Following the workers on the revolutionary path. The peasantry entered into the struggle. Noting this fact, V.I. Lenin wrote that “a new type appeared in the Russian village - a conscious young peasant. He communicated with the“ strikers ”, he read newspapers, he told the peasants about events in the cities, he explained to his village comrades the meaning of political demands , he called on them to fight against large landowners, nobles, against priests and officials" (Poln., collected works, 5th ed., vol. 30, p. 316). In the early awakening of class consciousness among young workers, as well as peasants, in the development of revolutionaries among students. moods, first of all, the merit of the Bolshevik Party, which has always paid particular attention to the education, organization and protection of the interests of the younger generation of workers.

V.I. Lenin constantly drew the party’s attention to the tasks of the revolution. education of youth. In the draft resolution of the 2nd Congress of the RSDLP “On the attitude towards student youth”, written by Lenin, it was noted that the spontaneously developing youth movement needs help from proletas, revolutionaries, especially in the matter of educating “a coherent and consistent socialist worldview.” He feared that ideologically fragile youth might get carried away by pseudo-revolutionism or become infected with opportunism; Lenin warned against “false friends.” During the Revolution of 1905-07 in Russia, he raised the question of advanced youth as a reserve for the party. The Bolsheviks decisively exposed the attempts of the bourgeoisie. and small-town parties to divert the passage, youth from the revolutionaries. struggle. Lenin resolutely opposed the underestimation of the role of youth and called for their bolder and wider involvement in the revolution. struggle, to attract into the ranks of the party. On Dec. In 1916, Lenin’s article “The International of Youth” was published, in which it was said that one must skillfully lead the “boiling”, seething, searching youth, not forgetting that the youth “... are of necessity forced to approach socialism in a different way, not in the same way, not in the same form, not in the same environment as her fathers." Insisting on organization independence of the youth union, Lenin emphasized that without this “...youth will neither be able to develop themselves into good socialists, nor prepare to lead socialism forward” (ibid., p. 226). Speaking against petty supervision and administration, Lenin noted the need for comradely criticism of the mistakes of young people. “We should not flatter young people” (ibid.).

The Bolsheviks carried out tireless work with young people in factories and factories, in villages, in legal societies, Sunday schools, in soldiers' barracks, in illegal circles, fighting squads, in preparing a strike or demonstration - wherever there was the slightest opportunity for this, they involved her directly. the struggle against oppression and exploitation, passed on the experience of old fighters. In the revolutionary The battles formed and strengthened the younger generation of the working class and working peasantry. As a result of the activities of the Bolsheviks, a wide span of youth movements was prepared. After the victory Feb. bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917 in the factories of Petrograd, Moscow and other industries. centers, circles, committees of working youth, and then unions began to emerge. Young proletarians, uniting to continue the fight for their politics. and economical rights, rallied under the slogans of the Bolsheviks.

The bourgeoisie sought to subordinate to its influence the emerging organizations of the Prolet, the youth. With the assistance of the Socialist Revolutionaries, Mensheviks, nationalists, etc., with the help of such youth organizations as “Mayak”, “Work and Light”, “Land and Freedom”, “Jugend Bund”, etc., the bourgeoisie tried to tear away the working people youth from the Bolsheviks, from the working class. The Bolsheviks tirelessly exposed the falsity and futility of such associations. The young proletarians were actually convinced that the Bolsheviks were right and expelled the bourgeoisie from their midst. agents and their supporters.

The Bolshevik Party provided constant assistance to the Prolet youth movement. On June 7 (20), 1917, a model charter of the Union of Working Youth of Russia, compiled by N. K. Krupskaya, was published in Pravda.

The 6th Congress of the RSDLP(b) (July - Aug. 1917) played an important role in the development of the youth movement. In the resolution “On Youth Unions,” the congress spoke in favor of the creation of independent organizations inextricably linked with the party. In Petrograd. socialist The Working Youth Union was approx. 15 thousand people, in Moscow. the union of working youth "3rd International" numbered by October. 1917 2170 people In Oct. 1917 gor. the conference in Kyiv approved the program and charter of the Socialist. Union of Working Youth "3rd International". In Baku, on the initiative of S. G. Shaumyan, the Internationalist Youth Union was created. In Tbilisi at a general meeting of youth on September. 1917 saw the beginning of the “organization of young socialist-internationalists “Spartak””, with great assistance provided by M. G. Tskhakaya. Under the leadership of the Bolsheviks, youth unions were created in Kharkov, Rostov-on-Don, and Zlatoust. Ufa, Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Lugansk. Under the influence of the working class, circles and unions of revolutionary-minded peasant-poor youth began to emerge in Tula, Kharkov, Vologda and other provinces (see. Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth). Among the first organizers was the socialist. unions of working youth were - Vasily Alekseev, Oscar RYBKIN, Pyotr Smorodin (Petrograd), Pyotr Delyusin, Mikhail Dugachev, Nikolai Penkov (Moscow), Alexander Sitnichenko, Mikhail Ratmansky, Zakhar Taran (Ukraine), Rimma Yurovskaya, Pavel Zavyalov (Ural), Suren Shaumyan, Jafar Babaev, Olga Shatunovskaya, Boris Dzneladze, Ghukas Ghukasyan (Transcaucasia), Mar. tin Zakis (Latvia) and many others. etc.

Members of the Presidium of the 1st All-Russian Congress of Workers' and Peasants' Youth Unions (from left to right): M. Dugachev, M. Akhmanov, P. Forvin, L. Shatskin, A. Bezymensky, V. Popov, E. Tseytlin, O. RYBKIN, E Herr. Moscow. 1918.

Worker and cross. young people actively participated in the Great October Revolution. socialist revolution. Developing a plan Oct. armed uprising, Lenin pointed out the need to “Select the most determined elements (our “shock troops” and working youth, as well as the best sailors) into small detachments for them to occupy all the most important points and for their participation everywhere, in all important operations...” (there same, vol. 34, pp. 383-84). Petrogr. kt Socialistich. Union of Working Youth did a lot of work to involve young proletarians in the ranks Red Guard. In the pre-October days of St. 5 thousand young workers became Red Guards. Everywhere, young people became active participants in the revolution.

Great Oct. socialist The revolution produced a radical change in the destinies of the younger generation of Russia. Sov. For the first time in history, the government provided ample opportunities to young proletarians in all spheres of society and politics. and socio-economic. life. Decrees of the Sov. power was established 6-hour working day for teenagers, the work of children under 14 years of age is prohibited, labor protection is established, production is introduced, and youth training is funded by the state. The doors of secondary and higher schools were opened for the children of workers and working peasants.

Socialist the transformation of the country set the party the task of creating a single youth organization, designed to involve the younger generation in the construction of socialism, to educate people in a new, communist way. era. At the same time, youth unions sought to unite on the Bolshevik platform. To convene the congress of youth unions in August 1918 in Moscow, an Organizing Bureau was formed, the appeal of which said: “... The revolutionary enthusiasm that gripped all youth since the beginning of the revolution helped them find their friends in the struggle for socialism. We did not go with those who preached humility and conciliation. We are fighters... We all feel how weak our organizations are to prepare us for building a new life. But if we fail, if our attempts at construction have led to nothing, then we will solve these. tasks all together" ("Comrade Komsomol. Documents of congresses, conferences and the Central Committee of the Komsomol", vol. 1, 1969, pp. 5-6).

1st All-Russian The Congress of Workers' and Cross Youth Unions (October 29 - November 4, 1918) united the scattered unions into an all-Russian union. an organization with a single center, working under the leadership of the RCP(b). At the congress the basic principles were adopted. principles of the program and charter Ross, communist. Youth Union (RKSM). The theses approved by the congress stated: “The Union sets itself the goal of spreading the ideas of communism and involving worker and peasant youth in the active construction of Soviet Russia” (ibid., p. 8).

For the first time, a new type of youth organization was created - communist in goals and objectives, class in character, amateur in the principles of its activities, designed to provide in the system of the dictatorship of the proletariat the role of a “drive belt” connecting the party with the broadest layers of working youth, to be a conductor of the party influence on the masses, act as a reserve Communist Party.

In connection with the formation of the Komsomol of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) in November. 1918 sent a circular letter to all parties and organizations, in which it was indicated that the RKSM is a school preparing new consciousnesses. communist cadres. To strengthen the Komsomol, the Central Committee of the RCP(b) recommended that party members of Komsomol age join the RKSM and take an active part in the work of its organizations. The 8th Congress of the RCP(b) (1919) adopted special. resolution "On work among youth". The congress recognized the RKSM as an organization performing enormous work to unite and communist. educating young people, involving them in the construction of communism and organizing them to defend the Soviet Union. Republic. The congress emphasized the need for ideological and material support for the Komsomol from the party.

Exclusively great importance In the life of the RKSM, the Party Program adopted by the 8th Congress of the RCP(b) played a role - the program for building socialism, which reflects the party’s enormous attention to youth, to creating conditions for their work, education and recreation. Practical the implementation of the decisions of the 8th Party Congress strengthened the Komsomol organizations and led to the creation of new communist detachments. Youth Union, determined the vanguard position of the RKSM among young people. At that time, the Komsomol was not the only youth organization in the country. Among other youth associations, the most numerous was the Union of Communist Students, numbering 8 thousand people. 1st All-Russian Congress of the Union of Communist Students (April 1919), at which Lenin spoke, spoke in favor of merging with the RKSM. The Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) approved the “Regulations”, in which it was noted: “All work, both among workers and peasants and among student youth, must be united in the hands of the Russian Communist Youth Union” (“To the Heirs of the Revolution. Party Documents on the Komsomol and youth", 1969, p. 53) According to the "Regulations", communist students were admitted to the RKSM on the recommendation of 2 members. RKP(b) or RKSM.

The Komsomol grew and developed as a multinational organization. Sov org. youth, standing on the principles of prolet, internationalism. Already at its 1st congress, among the delegates were envoys from occupied foreign countries. interventionists in the regions of Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, and Belarus. After the congress, organizations began to take shape in the Soviet Union. socialist republics They united Komsomol members of all nationalities living in their territories and were part of the RKSM.

RKSM was an active participant in the Citizens. wars; he held three All-Russian national championships. mobilization to the front. The Komsomol organizations of the front line were completely mobilized into the Red Army. According to incomplete data, the Komsomol sent St. 75 thousand of its members. In total, in the fight of owls. of the people, up to 200 thousand Komsomol members took part against the interventionists, White Guards and bandits. Heroically fought with the enemies: 19-year-old commander of the 30th division Albert Lapin, future writers Nikolai Ostrovsky and Arkady Gaidar, armored train commander Lyudmila Makievskaya, commissars Alexander Kondratyev and Anatoly Popov, leader of the Far East. Komsomol member Vitaly Banevur, one of the organizers of the Uzbek Komsomol Abdulla Nabiev and many others. etc. Komsomol members fought selflessly behind enemy lines. In Odessa, the Komsomol underground consisted of St. 300 people, in Riga - approx. 200 people, underground Komsomol groups operated in Ekaterinodar (Krasnodar), Simferopol, Rostov-on-Don, Nikolaev, Tbilisi, etc. Many Komsomol members died brave deaths in battles to defend the gains of Oct. revolution. In severe trials, the Komsomol grew stronger and stronger. Despite the enormous sacrifices he made at the fronts, his numbers increased 20 times: in October. 1918 -22 100, in Oct. 1920-482 000. In commemoration of military merits on the Civil fronts. war in the period 1919-20 against the White Guard troops. generals Kolchak, Denikin, Yudenich, Belopoles and Wrangel, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1928 by a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.

Departure of Komsomol members to the Southern Front. 1920.

The Komsomol fought for the unity of the international. workers' youth movement. The 2nd Congress of the RKSM (October 1919) addressed the prolet, the youth of the whole world with a call to create Communist Youth International(KIM). With the active participation of RKSM in November. 1919 The International was convened in Berlin. the youth congress, which was founded by the congress of the KIM. Sov. The Komsomol was its active member.

After Civil During the war, the Komsomol was faced with the task of preparing the workers' cross. youth to peaceful, creative. activities. In Oct. 1920 The 3rd Congress of the RKSM took place. The most important theoretical and the program document, the guide for the activities of the party and the Komsomol, was Lenin’s speech at the congress on October 2. 1920 "Tasks of youth unions." Ch. Lenin saw the goal of the Komsomol as “...to help the party build communism and help the entire young generation create a communist society” (Pol. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 41, p. 307). He called on young men and girls to “learn communism,” linking “...every step of their teaching, upbringing, education... with participation in the common struggle of all workers against the exploiters” (ibid., p. 314).

Lenin closely linked the tasks of the Komsomol with the general public. the cause of building socialism. The 3rd Congress of the RKSM was a turning point in the history of the Komsomol. The RKSM began to gradually restructure its work, focusing its activities on socialist tasks. construction and communist education of youth. The Komsomol directed all efforts to restore the people destroyed during the war. x-va. Boys and girls took part in the restoration of factories in Petrograd, Moscow, the Urals, mines and factories in Donbass, railways. d. countries. On Sept. 1920 The first All-Russian competition was held. youth subbotnik. Komsomol members provided assistance to the Sov. authorities in the fight against profiteering, sabotage, and banditry. Special units were formed from communists and Komsomol members. Komsomol members of the village explained the decrees of the Sov. authorities, participated in the organization of partnerships for joint cultivation of the land, and promoted advanced farming techniques. The energy and enthusiasm of Komsomol members was also manifested in the implementation of the cultural revolution. They fought to eliminate illiteracy and to eradicate religions. superstitions, remnants of the past in everyday life, with philistinism, private ownership. psychology, eager attitude to work. In the villages, Komsomol members organized reading rooms, clubs, distributed books, newspapers, magazines, posters, leaflets, and participated in political activities. and cultural events of the party and the Soviets. authorities. In 1920, on the initiative of the Komsomol, factory apprenticeship schools were created to train skilled workers and workers' faculties (workers' faculties) to prepare young workers for entering universities. In May 1922, a pioneer organization was created, the leadership of which was entrusted by the party to the Komsomol.

Komsomol members go to suppress the Kronstadt rebellion. Moscow. 1921.

In the 20s The Komsomol decisively opposed the Trotskyist opposition, which sought to win demagogue youth to its side. ultra-left slogans and flattery (“student youth are the barometer of the party”). The January (1924) plenum of the Central Committee of the RKSM, expressing the opinion of the entire Komsomol, condemned Trotskyism and without hesitation supported the gene. the party line for the construction of socialism in the USSR. The 6th Congress of the RKSM (July 1924) stated the complete defeat of Trotskyism in the youth movement. The congress that took place after Lenin’s death decided to call the Komsomol Leninsky, and it became known as the RLKSM. The congress called on young people to “learn to live, work and fight like Lenin, to carry out the behests left to us by Lenin.” During Lenin's conscription into the party only in February-April. In 1924, the Komsomol transferred 25,600 of its best students to the RCP(b) and accepted 167 thousand young workers and peasants into its ranks during the same time. The Komsomol actively promoted Leninism among young people. A wide network of Komsomol political education was created. St. 20 thousand circles. More than 100 thousand Komsomol members were engaged in the system of desks and education. Big role The Komsomol press played a role in education: the magazines of the Central Committee of the RLKSM "Young Communist", "Young Guard", "Smena", "Journal of Peasant Youth", gas. "Komsomolskaya Pravda", as well as local newspapers.

In the fight against devastation, for the restoration of the people. kh-va Komsomol members learned class vigilance, courage, perseverance in achieving goals, perseverance in overcoming difficulties. The Komsomol grew stronger, enriched with new experience, and became a militant mass organization. The 7th Congress of the RLKSM (March 1926) mobilized the forces of the Komsomol to implement the decisions of the 14th Party Congress (1925), which focused the attention of the working people on the tasks of reconstructing the people. x-va. The congress was preceded by acute political tension. struggle. The Trotskyists, who opposed Lenin’s plan for building socialism in the USSR, tried to use Leningrad in the fight against the party. organization of the RLKSM, the top of which issued a resolution refusing to obey the decisions of the 14th Congress of the CPSU(b). But the Komsomol members of Leningrad did not follow the Trotskyists from Leningrad. Provincial Committee of the RLKSM. They crushed the opposition, declaring selfless devotion to Lenin's party.

Following Lenin's behests, the decisions of the 14th (1925) and 15th (1927) congresses of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, the 7th (March 1926; RLKSM was renamed the Komsomol) and 8th (1928) congresses of the Komsomol put forward tasks for Komsomol members struggle for the industrialization of the country, socialist. reconstruction of the village kh-va, for mastering science and technology. The Komsomol acted as the instigator of the socialist movement. competitions, in 1927 he began a mass campaign for the rationalization of production and for increasing labor productivity. To Leningrad. enterprises - the Red Triangle plant, the Skorokhod factory, and at a number of enterprises in Moscow, the Urals, Donbass and other industries. centers, Komsomol youth shock brigades were created. In 1929, the Komsomol Central Committee carried out Lenin’s recruitment of youth into shock brigades. After publication on 20 Jan. 1929 in Pravda Lenin’s article “How to organize a competition” gas. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" (Jan. 26) called on young people to start an All-Union socialist movement. competition. The Komsomol promoted tens of thousands of innovators and inventors from its ranks, and organized all-Union end-to-end Komsomol control over the delivery of goods to the Komsomol-sponsored Ural-Kuzbass region. The 9th Congress of the Komsomol (Jan. 1931) declared the Komsomol the strike brigade of the 1st Five-Year Plan (1929-32). In the fight against bureaucracy, mismanagement, and abuse, the Komsomol “light cavalry,” which arose in 1928, played a large role. In 1929, the Komsomol carried out the first mobilization of youth for new buildings of the 1st Five-Year Plan. Over 200 thousand Komsomol members came to construction sites on vouchers from their organizations. With the active participation of the Komsomol, the Dneproges, Mosk. and Gorky Automobile Plant, Stalingrad Tractor Plant, Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plant. plant, railway village Turksib etc. By resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on January 21. 1931 “for the initiative shown in the matter of shock work and socialist competition, ensuring the successful implementation of the five-year plan for the development of the national economy...” The Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. The role of Komsomol members in the collectivization of the village was significant. x-va. In the ranks of the village Komsomol in 1928 there were approx. 1 million young peasants. The 8th Congress of the Komsomol called on them to be “organizers and promoters of collectivization” and obliged every Komsomol member to be an independent householder. set an example for young peasants - join a collective farm. The Komsomol put forward a number of effective forms of mobilization of the cross and youth: it held an All-Union harvest campaign, a “plow month”, created “detachments of red plowmen”, “agricultural scouts”, etc. Among the twenty-five thousand people - workers who went to the village, more than 2 thousand. people were members of the Komsomol. Komsomol members brought the experience of socialism to the villages. competitions and shock work accumulated in industry and construction. Young workers helped with agricultural repairs. equipment, launched a movement for the creation of Komsomol tractor columns, and took an active part in the construction of machine and tractor stations (MTS). "Komsomolets - on the tractor!" - this slogan was one of the most popular in the village. Based on the recommendations of Komsomol cells, thousands of young collective farmers were sent to courses for tractor drivers and machine operators.

Komsomol members-metro builders. Moscow. 1934.

Construction of Magnitogorsk. Komsomolskaya blast furnace? 2.

Socialist The transformation in the village took place in an atmosphere of fierce class struggle. The villages had to work in extremely difficult conditions. Komsomol members in the 20s - early. 30s The kulaks used financial difficulties, low level of culture, centuries-old traditions of piety and superstition, slander and public insults (Komsomol girls especially suffered from them) against Komsomol members. The enemies of the Sov are in bestial rage. authorities often beat and killed people from around the corner. Hundreds of Komsomol members, girls and boys, died in the struggle for new life villages.

The Komsomol actively participated in the cultural revolution. The 8th Congress of the Komsomol announced an All-Union cultural campaign to eliminate illiteracy. “Shock detachments for educational programs” were created, thousands of Komsomol members joined the ranks of the “cultural warriors”. They educated the illiterates, created new educational schools, and opened reading rooms and libraries. In 1930, the Komsomol took patronage over universal education and initiated the creation of two-year evening schools for the illiterate. During the years of the 1st Five-Year Plan, approx. 45 million people During the socialist construction, urgent problems arose in the training of qualified specialists. personnel, creating a new, socialist. intelligentsia. The Komsomol announced a campaign for youth in science. In 1928-29, 15 thousand people went to study at workers' schools on Komsomol vouchers, 20 thousand to training courses at universities, 30 thousand at universities and technical schools. In 1934, the working class among students reached 47.9%. At the initiative of the Komsomol, a new, mass form of technical education was born. worker training - technical minimum (in 1934, 814 thousand workers passed the technical minimum).

Order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR on Komsomol patronage over the Air Force. 1931.

In 1935, following the example of young workers: miner Alexei Stakhanov, locomotive driver Pyotr Krivonos, weavers Evdokia and Maria Vinogradov, milling operator Ivan Gudov and others, young collective farmers Maria Demchenko, Praskovya Angelina and others. mass movement Stakhanovites. It signified new stage in socialist competition. Lenin's Komsomol was the party's most active assistant in the development of the Stakhanov movement.

The 10th Congress of the Komsomol (April 1936) went down in history as the congress of young victors of socialism. Among the delegates were 135 order bearers, hundreds of young innovators in industry and agriculture. x-va. The congress assured the party of “... the complete readiness of the entire Leninist Komsomol to fulfill to the end its duties in building a communist society, in protecting the socialist fatherland from attacks by the enemies of socialism” (Tenth Congress of the Komsomol. Verbatim report, vol. 1, 1936, p. 10 ).

After the congress, the Komsomol, without weakening its participation in households. and state construction, which means attention is paid to ideological. education of youth, organization of their education, physical education. development of boys and girls, preparing them for the defense of socialism. conquests The Komsomol devotes a lot of effort to the development of the defense industry and industries related to it, in particular ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, and oil production. Envoys of the Komsomol participated in the creation of the “Second Baku”, the construction of the Amurstal plant, the Komsomol patronizes the construction of new cruisers, submarines, destroyers, airplanes, tanks, etc., strengthens patronage ties with the Military. mor. (since 1922) and Military Air. (since 1931) fleets. The Central Committee of the Komsomol carried out massive military-technical training. Komsomol exam. OK. 1 million people The Komsomol became the “Voroshilov Riflemen”, more than 5 million passed the air defense standards (anti-aircraft, anti-chemical defense), according to the military. topography and other military. specialties. Only in 1936 the standards for the “Ready for Labor and Defense” badge passed approx. 4 million people On behalf of the party, the Komsomol was engaged in recruiting military personnel. schools On July 1, 1940, among the officers of the Red Army there were 56.4% communists and 22.1% Komsomol members. The Komsomol did a lot of work in the Kommuistich. Youth International, striving to create a united front to fight fascism, against the threat of world war.

A severe test for all owls. of the people, their younger generation, the Great Patriotic War, the war of 1941-45, appeared. Komsomol, all owls. youth at the call of Communist. parties came out to fight the Nazis. invaders. Already in the first year of the war, approx. joined the ranks of the Red Army. 2 million Komsomol members. Komsomol members, boys and girls showed unprecedented courage, bravery, and heroism, defending Brest, Liepaja, Odessa, Sevastopol, Smolensk, Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, Stalingrad, and other cities and regions of the country from the enemy. Only the Komsomol organization of Moscow and the region in the first 5 months of the war sent St. 300 thousand people; 90% of Lenipgr members. The Komsomol organization fought against the German fascists. invaders on the outskirts of the city of Lenin. Young partisans and underground fighters from Belarus, the occupied regions of the RSFSR, Ukraine, and the Baltic states acted fearlessly behind enemy lines. Partiz. the detachments consisted of 30-45% Komsomol members. Members of the underground Komsomol organizations showed unprecedented heroism - "Young guard"(Krasnodon), "Partisan Spark"(Nikolaev region), Lyudinovo underground Komsomol group(Kaluga region), underground Komsomol members of the village. Obol (Vitebsk region), Khotin (Bukovina), Kaunas (Lithuanian SSR), etc.

Komsomol members worked selflessly in the rear, providing the front with everything necessary. This means that part of the front-line orders fell on the shoulders of the young people who came to the enterprises to replace those drafted into the army. The Komsomol members put forward the slogan: “Work for yourself and for a comrade who has gone to the front!” A movement has developed in youth groups to exceed production and assignments by 2-3 times or more (two-hundred, three-hundred, thousand, multi-machine workers). By the end of the war, there was St. in the industry. 154 thousand front-line Komsomol youth brigades. By working on Sundays and overtime, young people contributed tens of millions of rubles to the country’s defense fund. Boys and girls, teenagers along with women have become the main ones. force in the village x-ve. 70% of prepared villages. machine operators at that time were young people.

In 1941-45, approx. joined the Komsomol. 12 million boys and girls. Of the 7 thousand Heroes of the Sov. Union under the age of 30, 3.5 thousand are Komsomol members (60 of them are twice Heroes of the Soviet Union), 3.5 million Komsomol members were awarded orders and medals. The names of Komsomol members who died in the fight against the Nazis. invaders: Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Alexander Chekalin, Liza Chaikina, Alexander Matrosov, Yuri Smirnov, Victor Talalikhin, Grigory Kagamlyk, Gafur Mamedov, Alexandra Passar, Marite Melnikaite, Imant Sudmalisa, Noya Adamia, Feodosius Smolyachkov and many others. others - have become a symbol of courage, courage, heroism. For outstanding services to the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War, the war and for great work in raising owls. youth in the spirit of selfless devotion to socialism. To the Fatherland of the Komsomol by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme. On June 14, 1945, he was awarded the Order of Lenin by the USSR Council.

The Komsomol put a lot of work into restoring what was destroyed by the Nazis. invaders of people x-va, in the construction of Minsk, Smolensk, Stalingrad, in the restoration of Leningrad, Kharkov, Kursk, Voronezh, Sevastopol, Odessa, Rostov-on-Don and many others. other cities, in the revival of industry and cities of Donbass, Dneproges, collective farms, state farms and MTS. In 1948 alone, 6,200 villages were built and put into operation by youth. power plants. The Komsomol showed great concern for the placement of children and adolescents left without parents, for the expansion of the network of orphanages and crafts. schools, construction of schools.

In the 40-50s. The Komsomol helped to build large hydraulic structures. structures (Volga-Don Canal), powerful hydroelectric power stations (Volzhskaya named after Lenin, Kuibyshevskaya, Kakhovskaya, etc.). The innovative spirit of young workers, engineers, and technicians clearly manifested itself. Komsomol members Heinrich Bortkevich, Pavel Bykov, Serafima Kotova, Maria Volkova and many others. etc., combining excellent skills and engineering in their work. thought, they boldly broke outdated technical equipment. standards, fought to increase labor productivity, save materials, reduce costs and produce above-plan products.

In 1948, the Komsomol celebrated its thirtieth anniversary. Oct 28 1948 Presidium Top. The Soviet of the USSR awarded the Komsomol the second Order of Lenin.

The Komsomol took an active part in the implementation of measures developed by the party to raise the village level. x-va. Thousands of young specialists, workers and employees, and high school graduates were sent to state farms, collective farms, and MTS. In 1954-55, St. went out on Komsomol vouchers to develop the virgin lands of Kazakhstan, Altai, and Siberia. 350 thousand young people. Their work was a real feat. By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme. Council of the USSR for active participation in communist. construction and especially for the development of virgin lands of the Komsomol November 5. 1956 was awarded the third Order of Lenin.

Leningrad student volunteers go to the front of the Great Patriotic War 1941-45.

The 20th Congress of the CPSU (1956) and subsequent events of the Communist Party were of great importance in the activities of the Komsomol. parties and Sov. pr-va, aimed at overcoming the personality cult of Stalin, alien to Marxism-Leninism, at restoring Leninist norms in the party, and social and political. life. The 20th Congress of the CPSU, noting the merits of the Komsomol, at the same time revealed serious shortcomings in ideological education. work of the Komsomol. The congress noted that “Komsomol organizations sometimes do not know how to involve young people in practical work, they replace living organizational work with resolutions, pomp and hype” (“CPSU in resolutions...”, 7th ed., part 4, 1960. p. 142) . The 13th Congress of the Komsomol (April 1958) developed, on the basis of the decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPSU, measures to activate the Komsomol in the communist. construction, to expand Komsomol democracy. Carrying out the decision of the 13th Congress of the Komsomol, the Komsomol took patronage over the construction of ferrous metallurgy and chemical enterprises. industry and the most important new buildings in the country. In 1958-61, 800 thousand young men and women went to the most important construction sites of the seven-year period using Komsomol vouchers. During 1961-66, up to 1050 industrial buildings were built at all-Union Komsomol shock construction projects. objects.

A detachment of Crimean partisans, awarded the banner of the Komsomol Central Committee, during the liberation of Simferopol. April 1944.

At the end of 1958, Komsomol members, together with the communists, became the founders of a mass movement for communistism. work. The youth workshop of the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya depot was the first to be awarded the title of communist team. labor.

Komsomol organizations in the villages directed their energy towards successfully solving the most important national problem. tasks - to create an abundance of agricultural products in the country. products. Young people took the initiative in mechanizing livestock farming. farms and improving the culture of agriculture.

The 22nd Congress of the CPSU (1961), which adopted new Program parties. The Congress devoted great attention youth, highly appreciated the activities of the Komsomol. The CPSU program became a combat program for the activities of the Komsomol and all youth. The 14th Congress of the Komsomol (April 1962) developed specific ways to solve communist problems. construction.

The 15th Congress of the Komsomol (May 1966), based on the decisions of the 23rd Congress of the CPSU (1966), determined further tasks for communist. education of youth, for the implementation of the new five-year plan for the development of the people. of the USSR for 1966-70.

The 16th Congress of the Komsomol (May 1970) summed up the work of the Komsomol in solving the assigned tasks and determined the direction of further activities to educate young men and women in the spirit of Lenin’s precepts. The 16th Congress called on Komsomol members and all the youth of the USSR to take massive participation in scientific and technical activities. revolution, improving the organization of production and its management. The role of youth in politics is great. and household life of the country. Modern The country's young generation is a multimillion-strong army of skilled workers, builders, and rural workers. farmers, engineers, technicians, agronomists, scientists, educators, healthcare workers, cultural workers, military personnel. Half of those working in construction and construction, approx. 40% of picks from. The population consists of young people. ZLKSM involves her in work to increase the efficiency of societies, production, development and implementation new technology, considering this as a specific task of Komsomol participation in the implementation of economic. party policies. The scope of the Komsomol's activities in solving the national economy has expanded significantly. problems, in particular in the development of the riches of Siberia, the Far East and the Far North, and in the redistribution of the country's labor resources. In 1966-70 alone, the Komsomol sent 300 thousand young volunteers to the most important new buildings. With the active participation of young people, approx. 1,500 important facilities, including the largest in the world - the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station, the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Plant, railway station. the village of Abakan - Taishet, the Druzhba oil pipeline, etc. In 1970, the Komsomol patronized 100 high-impact construction projects, including the development of unique oils. and gas riches of the Tyumen and Tomsk regions, actively participated in chemicalization and land reclamation (among the country's land reclamation workers in 1970 were 100 thousand boys and girls), paid great attention to the service sector (where 200 thousand Komsomol members were sent in 1969).

The Komsomol annually organizes shows on the exploration and use of production reserves: competitions for innovators and inventors; exhibitions of young innovators; competitions of young workers by profession for the title of best turner, best milling machine operator, best plowman, etc. The Komsomol began a mass movement for mastering the latest achievements of science and technology. The number of participants in the All-Union Technical Review. youth creativity - “Five-Year Plan - skill and search for the young” increased from 2 million (1967) to 7 million (1970).

Student construction teams have become a tradition for Komsomol members of universities. The scale of their households. activities are expanding every year. 1 million students took part in four work semesters (1966-69). They completed the production program for the amount of St. 1.5 billion rubles New forms of youth participation in production management and household management have emerged. construction. Among them is the “Komsomol Searchlight”, which develops the best traditions of the “Light Cavalry” units and conducts creative work. search for production reserves. In 1968 approx. 4 million young enthusiasts took part in a raid for savings and frugality. The work of young patriots is highly appreciated by the Motherland. 600 thousand Komsomol members were awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of V. I. Lenin."

The cultural level of Komsomol members has increased significantly. In 1970, in the ranks of the Komsomol St. 1.8 million engineers and technicians, specialists. farmers, scientists, cultural workers, healthcare workers, teachers. Among scientific workers, 56% are people under the age of 30 (June 1, 1967). The Komsomol, together with trade unions and cultural institutions, organizes the work of art groups, amateur performances, and creative activities. associations, interest clubs. Tens of millions of boys and girls are involved in sports, clubs and sections. On the initiative of the Komsomol, creative activities are held. seminars for young writers, poets, playwrights, exhibitions of young artists, and screenings of youth films. Young talents are awarded annual Lenin Komsomol prizes: for the best achievements in the field of literature and art (established in March 1966), science and technology (established in June 1967), for active participation in scientific and technical. progress (established in May 1970).

All-Union Komsomol shock construction project Talnakh. October 1964.

The Komsomol is an active promoter of the ideas of Marxism-Leninism, revolutionary, military, and labor traditions of Communism. parties, owls people, does a lot of work to educate young people using the example of the life and work of V.I. Lenin and his associates. "Lenin's Lessons", which combine the study of theoretical studies, have become widespread. Lenin's legacy using the acquired knowledge in practice. More than 7 million boys and girls in 1970 were engaged in the Komsomol political system. enlightenment. The Komsomol holds student competitions. works on problems of societies and sciences (about 800 thousand students took part in it in 1969-70). In 1969-70, the Komsomol, on the eve of the 100th anniversary of Lenin’s birth, and in 1971, in honor of the 24th Congress of the CPSU, held the “All-Union Lenin Test”. Tens of millions of Komsomol members reported to the party and the people on how they study Lenin’s theoretical theory. legacy, how it is put into practice Lenin's behests how to participate in communist construction, improve their general education, cultural and technical skills. the level at which societies conduct their work.

In 1971, the Komsomol had 226 youth, pioneer, children's newspapers and magazines in 22 languages ​​of the peoples of the USSR. Center, bodies of the Komsomol Central Committee - gas. "TVNZ"(awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor and the Order of the Fatherland, War, 1st degree; since January 1, 1971, circulation 7.9 million copies) and gas. "Pionerskaya Pravda" (awarded the Order of Lenin, circulation 9.8 million copies). Center, magazines: “Komsomolskaya Zhizn” (1.39 million copies), “Young Communist” (860 thousand), “Rural Youth” (1.01 million), “Smena” (1.0 million) , “Pioneer” (1.35 million), “Technology for Youth” (1.6 million), “Murzilka” (5.6 million), etc. The one-time circulation of all publications in 1970 was 63 million copies. The Central Committee of the Komsomol has a publishing house - "Young Guard", the Central Committee of the Komsomol of Ukraine - "Molod", the Central Committee of the Komsomol of Uzbekistan - "Yosh Guard". In 1966-70, the Young Guard released approx. 1500 books (total circulation over 120 million copies). In 1970, there were 149 youth editorial offices for radio broadcasting and 125 for television.

The Komsomol is the initiator of all-Union campaigns to places of revolutionary, military and labor glory, in which millions of young men and women participate. Participants in these campaigns in 1966-69 created St. 60 thousand museums and halls of glory, installed approx. 40 thousand monuments, obelisks and memorial plaques. Museums of A. Matrosov, L. Chaikina, the Young Guard, the Lyudinovsky underground, and defenders of the Caucasus were built.

In 1969-70, the Komsomol held an All-Union review of sports and defense-mass work and an exam in physical science. and military-technical youth training. The children's and youth competitions "Golden Puck", "Leather Ball", "Olympic Spring", "Neptune" and others, held by the Komsomol Central Committee, became truly widespread. In 1966-1970, St. 23 million young athletes, and in the all-Union military sports game "Zarnitsa" 21 million.

The Komsomol participates in the management of the affairs of the Soviet Union. roc-va. Its representatives work in state, trade union bodies, and in people's bodies. control, culture and sports. Included in the Top. In 1970, the USSR Council elected 281 deputies under the age of 30, 10% of all deputies. Allied Councils and autonomous republics consisted of youth; in the local Soviets of Workers' Deputies there were more than 493 thousand young people under the age of 29, of which St. 260 thousand are Komsomol members. Komsomol, expressing and protecting the interests of the entire Soviet Union. youth, takes part in the development of laws and regulations on issues of labor, education, recreation and life of youth. Of great importance was the creation (1968) of permanent deputy commissions on youth affairs in Verkh. Soviets of the USSR and republics, regional, regional, district, city and district Soviets of Working People's Deputies. In 1969, 65 thousand deputies worked in 10 thousand of these commissions. Komsomol committees are given the right, together with trade unions and households. bodies to participate in resolving issues related to the admission and dismissal of young people, bonuses for young workers, collective farmers, employees, labor protection for teenagers, distribution of apartments, places in hostels, use of funds intended. for the development of mass cultural and sports activities. Komsomol promotes the development of everyone's individuality young man, strives in its work to take into account the needs and interests of young people, the diversity of their personal qualities, inclinations, and talents.

The Komsomol shows great concern for the training and retraining of Komsomol personnel. Created in Feb. 1945 Center, Komsomol school in 1969 was reorganized into the Higher Komsomol School under the Central Committee of the Komsomol, 22 zonal and republican schools began to operate. Komsomol schools. The Komsomol does not have a state. subsidies. Its budget is made up of the receipt of membership fees, den. accumulations of youth publishing houses, magazines and newspapers, etc.

Komsomol is one of the most powerful international combat units. communist and democratic youth movement. In 1970 Komsomol and Sov. youth organizations collaborated with international, regional, national. and local youth associations in 129 countries. The Komsomol attaches primary importance to strengthening fraternal relations with socialist youth unions. countries The Komsomol develops ties with the vanguard of capitalist youth. countries - communist. youth organizations, provides assistance to their peers in the countries of Asia, Africa and Latvia. America, fighting against colonialism, for the national. independence, democracy and socialism. The Komsomol pays great attention to strengthening and expanding the influence of the World Federation of Democrats. youth and international Students' Union Between the 15th and 16th congresses of the Komsomol in the USSR, 42 international meetings were held. events, including the meeting "October and Youth", the seminar "V.I. Lenin and modern world", scientific conferences "KIM, its revolutionary traditions and modernity", festivals, weeks of friendship between the youth of the USSR and the youth of many countries of the world. In 1971, at the proposal of the Komsomol, a worldwide action "Youth denounces imperialism" was held. On July 5, 1956, the K- t Youth Organizations of the USSR (KMO USSR) - a public organization that promotes the further strengthening of friendship and cooperation between Soviet youth and the youth of other countries. On May 10, 1958, the Bureau of International Youth Tourism "Sputnik" was created. -69 More than 270 thousand young men and women from foreign countries visited the USSR; about 200 thousand young men and women made tourist trips abroad.

The oath of the youth of the USSR, taken on September 11, 1966 on Red Square in Moscow.

In 1968 owls. young people and all the people celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Lenin Komsomol. For outstanding services and great contribution of Komsomol members to the formation and strengthening of the Soviet Union. power, courage and heroism shown in battles with socialist enemies. Fatherland, active participation in the construction of socialism, for fruitful work in politics. education of the younger generations in the spirit of devotion to Lenin's behests, the Komsomol was awarded by the Presidium of the Top. Soviet of the USSR with the Order of the October Revolution.

Issues of the work of the Komsomol were regularly discussed and are being discussed at congresses, party conferences, and plenums of the CPSU Central Committee. The CPSU Charter has a special section "Party and Komsomol". It defines the role of the Communist. party as the leader of the Komsomol and the role of the Komsomol as an assistant and reserve of the party. The resolution of the CPSU Central Committee "On the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol and the tasks of the communist education of youth" defines the basic principles. directions of activity of the Komsomol in modern times. stage, specific measures have been outlined to ensure an increase in the role and responsibility of the Komsomol in economic, cultural and state affairs. construction.

The Central Committee of the CPSU formulated the tasks of the Komsomol in modern times. conditions. They consist in preparing a generation of comprehensively developed, highly educated people, persistent and selfless fighters for the victory of communism, capable of managing the affairs of society and the state. To teach Komsomol members, all boys and girls, to creatively master Marxist-Leninist theory, to formulate their scientific materialistic worldview, to cultivate ideological conviction, a class approach to the phenomena of society, life, dedication to the cause of the party. All owls young people must know the teachings of Lenin, be able to live and fight like Lenin. To educate youth on the experience of Communist. party, on the revolutionary, military and labor traditions of the people, tirelessly develop its feelings of owls. patriotism, unbreakable fraternal friendship of the peoples of the USSR and the span, internationalism, love for socialism. Fatherland, constant readiness to defend the gains of October with arms in hand, to form a communist spirit among young men and women. attitude towards work, socialist property, high responsibility for the affairs of the collective and society, to ensure that they clearly understand the inextricable connection of personal ideals with the great goals of the people. To educate the younger generation in the communist spirit. morality and morality, collectivism and camaraderie, intolerant attitude towards manifestations of selfishness, philistinism and private ownership. psychology, to violations of socialist norms. dormitories and owls laws. Increase revolutionary vigilance of Komsomol members and youth, persistently instilling in them intransigence towards the bourgeoisie. ideology and morality, to imperialist attempts. propaganda to deceive the younger generation with false slogans of “class peace”, mercilessly expose the anti-people, reactionary. the essence of capitalism. The 16th Congress of the Komsomol outlined ways to implement the tasks set by the party for the Soviet Union. youth.

After the 16th Congress, the Komsomol launched a lot of work to mobilize young people for the successful completion of the 8th Five-Year Plan. In connection with the 50th anniversary of V.I. Lenin’s speech at the 3rd Congress of the RKSM, the All-Union Lenin lesson “Learn communism the Leninist way” was held, in which approx. 42 million boys and girls. The Party is constantly concerned about strengthening the desks, the core of the Komsomol; the number of communists working in the Komsomol increased by one and a half times.

The 24th Congress of the CPSU (1971) paid much attention to the Komsomol. The congress pointed to the growing role and importance of the Komsomol as a reserve and closest assistant to the party in the communist. educating the younger generation and building a new society. In April The 1971 plenum of the Komsomol Central Committee, and after it the All-Union Komsomol Assembly, supported mass patriotism. youth movement "Five-Year Plan - hard work, skill and search for young people."

The Komsomol takes its example from the CPSU, from the communists. Learning to live and fight from the party is the highest meaning of the activities of the Komsomol, the meaning of life for every young Sov. Union. During the period from the 23rd to the 24th congresses of the CPSU, 1,350 thousand members joined the party. Komsomol, i.e. 45% of its replenishment.

Chairmen, first, general secretaries of the Komsomol Central Committee: 1918, Nov. - 1919, Oct 9. - O. L. RYBKIN; 1919, Oct. 10-1922, Apr. 4 - L. A. Shatskin; 1922, April 5 - 1924, July 18 - P. I. Smorodin; 1924, July 18-1928, May 16 - N. P. Chaplin; 1928, May 17 - 1929, April 24 - A. I. Milchakov; 1929, April 24 -1938, November 23. - A. V. Kosarev; 1938, November 23 - 1952, October 30 - N. A. Mikhailov; 1952, Oct. 30 - 1958, March 28 - A. N. Shelepin; 1958, March 28 - 1959, March 25 - V. E. Semichastny; 1959, March 25 - 1968, June 12 - S. P. Pavlov; from June 12, 1968 - E. M. Tyazhelnikov.

The numerical composition of the Komsomol (at the beginning of the year)

Years	Number of members	Years	Number of members
1918 1	22 100	1939	8 245 787
1919 2	96 000	1941	10 387 852
1920 2	400 000	1944	6 058 177
1922	247 000	1946	7 480 182
1924	500 000	1950	10 512385
1925	1 140 706	1955	18 617 532
1929	2 317 358	1962	19 095 064
1933	4 547 186	1971 3	28 156 924

1 On 1 Oct. d On 1 Sep. a On April 1

Chronology

IMPORTANT EVENTS II FACTS OF THE HISTORY OF THE Komsomol

1917-1920

1917, March- Oct.- creation of organizations of working youth in Moscow, Petrograd and other cities; 1918, Aug.- creation of the Organizing Bureau for the convocation of the 1st All-Russian Congress. Congress of Workers' and Cross Youth Unions. Oct 29- 4 Nov- 1st All-Russian. Congress of Workers' and Cross Youth Unions. The congress was created by Ross, a communist. Youth Union (RKSM). November- a circular letter from the Central Committee of the RCP(b), in which it was reported about the creation of the Komsomol and its tasks. 15 Dec.- publication of Lee 1 magazine of the Central Committee of the RKSM "Young Communist"; 1919, February 28 - 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Latvia. March 31- 2 Apr.- 1st Congress of the Georgian Komsomol. March- adoption by the 8th Congress of the RCP(b) of the resolution “On work among youth.” April- 1st All-Russian. The congress of the Union of Communist Students decided to merge with the RKSM. At the congress on April 17. V. I. Lenin spoke. 22 May - Communist Youth Day in Moscow under the slogan “To the front!” May - 1st All-Russian. mobilization of members RKSM on the East. front. June 26 - July 1- 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Ukraine. 5 - 8 Oct. - 2nd All-Russian. Congress of the RKSM. October- 2nd All-Russian. mobilization of members RKSM to the South. front. 20 -26 Nov.- Will establish. Intl. youth congress in Berlin; foundation of KIM; 1920, Jan.- 1st Congress of Komsomol organizations of Turkestan. May - 3rd All-Russian. mobilization of members RKSM on the West. front. July 16-19- 1st Congress of the Azerbaijan Komsomol. 4 Sep.- the first All-Russian. youth subbotnik. 24 - 27 Sep.-1st Congress of the Komsomol Belarus 1402 Sep. September- Congress of the Youth of the East (Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Khiva, Georgia, Armenia, Bukhara, Turkestan, Turkey, Iran). 2-10 Oct.-3rd Congress of the RKSM. Oct 2 At the congress, V. I. Lenin made a speech “Tasks of Youth Unions”. The congress formalized the entry of the RKSM into the KIM.

1921 - 1940

1921, March- The 10th Congress of the RCP(b) in the resolution “On issues of party desks and construction” highlighted special. section on working with RKSM. June 1 - 6- 1st All-Russian. RKSM conference. July 7-13- 1st All-Kazakhs. conference of Komsomol organizations. August 21 - 22 - 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Armenia. 21 - 28 September - 4th Congress of the RKSM; 1922, March- Apr.- adoption by the 11th Congress of the RCP(b) of the resolution “On the issue of the RKSM”. May 16-19 - 2nd All-Russian. RKSM conference. 19 May is the day of the creation of pioneer organizations. September- 1st Congress of the Estonian Komsomol. 11 -19 Oct.-5th Congress of the RKSM. 16 Oct. - the congress adopted a decision on patronage over the Military Naval Forces. the republic's fleet; 1923, Jan.- Red Fleet Week, held by the Komsomol. April- adoption by the 12th Congress of the RCP(b) of the decision “On the work of the RKSM”. June 25-30- 3rd All-Russian. RKSM conference; 1924, Jan.- post, plenum of the Central Committee of the RKSM on the naming of the pioneer organizations after V.I. Lenin. May - adoption by the 13th Congress of the RCP(b) of the resolution “On work among youth.” 12 - 18 July- 6th Congress of the RKSM. The congress renamed the RKSM to Ross. Leninist communist Youth Union (RLKSM). October 17-18- 1st Congress of the Lithuanian Komsomol; 1925, March- start of gas release. "Pioneer Truth". 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Turkmenistan. April- 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Uzbekistan. Is May 24 an exit? 1 gas "TVNZ". May - 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Kyrgyzstan. 16 - June 23- 4th All-Russian. RLKSM conference. October- Vsetaj. conference of Komsomol organizations. December- discussion at the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on the issue “On the work of the Komsomol”; 1926, March 11 - 22- 7th Congress of the RLKSM. The congress decided to rename the RLKSM into the All-Union Leninist Communist. Youth Union (VLKSM). 17 Sep.- creation by Komsomol workers in Leningrad. z-de "Red Triangle" of one of the first shock brigades in the country; 1927, March 24-31- 5th All-Union Conference of the Komsomol; 1928, 23 Feb.- post. Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on awarding the Komsomol for courage and bravery on the Civil fronts. war with the Order of the Red Banner. May 5-16 - 8th Congress of the Komsomol; 1929, January 26- "Komsomolskaya Pravda" called on working youth to develop All-Union socialism. competition, 17-24 June- 6th All-Union Conference of the Komsomol. 23 Dec.-post. Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks "On the participation of the Komsomol in economic construction": 1930, May 23- post. Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on awarding gas. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" with the Order of Lenin for active participation in the development of socialism. competitions and drumming. 1930 - the Komsomol took patronage over the Ural-Kuzbass region; 1931, January 16-26-9th Komsomol congress. The Komsomol took patronage over the Military Air Force. the country's fleet. 21 Jan. - post. Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on awarding the Komsomol the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for initiative in the socialist cause. competitions. 10 Oct. - post. Central Committee of the Komsomol on the introduction of a single Komsomol card; 1932, June- the beginning of the construction of the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur. 1 - July 7- 7th Komsomol Conference; 1933, Sep.- mobilization Moscow. Komsomol organization 10 thousand Komsomol members at the Moscow building. metro; 1936, 11 - 21 April - 10th Congress of the Komsomol; 1939, March- The 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) supplemented the party charter with special provisions. section "Party and Komsomol". May - the Komsomol adopted a decision “On the on-the-job training of 100,000 female tractor drivers, as well as patronage of the large sea and ocean fleet, the Second Baku, the Kuibyshev hydroelectric complex, and the Amur-Stal plant.” And etc.; 1940 - the following were accepted into the Komsomol: August- Komsomol of Latvia, in October- Lithuania and Estonia.

1941 - 1950

1941, March 15-16- 1st Congress of the Komsomol of Moldova. June 23- post. Bureau of the Komsomol Central Committee "On measures for military work in the Komsomol." June- Komsomol pilots P. Kharitonov, S. Zdorovtsev and M. Zhukov used a ram in air combat and were the first in Vel. Fatherland, war received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Union. July- the emergence of the Two Hundreds movement among Komsomol members. 1941, Aug. - 1942, Nov.- operated in the Kaluga region. Lyudinovo underground organization of the Komsomol. 28 Sep- creation of Antifash. to the owls youth. September October- the beginning of the competition of front-line youth brigades at the Ural Heavy Engineering Plant named after. Ordzhonikidze and the Gorky Automobile Plant. November- heroic feat of Komsomol partisan Zona Kosmodemyanskaya; 1941, Nov. - 1943, Aug.-acted at station. Obol, Vitebsk region. underground organizational center of the Komsomol; 1941, Dec. - 1943, Feb.- operated in the Nikolaev region. underground organization of the Komsomol "Partisan Spark"; 1942, Sep. - 1943, Jan.- the underground organization of the Komsomol “Young Guard” operated in Krasnodon; 1942, Oct. -1944, March- an underground Komsomol organization operated in Kaunas; 1943, 23 Feb.- heroic the feat of Komsomol guard private Alexander Matrosov; 1944 - mobilization of 100 thousand Komsomol members to work in the village. x-ve; 1945, Feb.- creation of the Center, a Komsomol school under the Komsomol Central Committee. May - gas awards. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Order of the Fatherland, War, 1st degree. June 14- Decree of the Presidium of the Top. Council of the USSR on awarding the Komsomol the Order of Lenin for outstanding services to the Motherland during the Great Fatherland and the war. 10 Nov- formation of the World Federation of Democracy. Youth (WFDM) with the participation of Sov. delegations at the 1st World Youth Conference (London); 1946, Aug.- creation of the International Students' Union (MSU); 1947, July- Aug.- participation of the Sov delegation. youth in the 1st International. democratic festival youth and students in Prague; 1948, October 28 - Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme. Council of the USSR on awarding the Komsomol in connection with the 30th anniversary of the Order of Lenin; 1949, March 29- 8 Apr. 11th Congress of the Komsomol. August-participation of the Sov delegation. youth at the 2nd World Festival of Youth and Students in Budapest; 1950, May- awarding the Order of Lenin to GAZ. "Pionerskaya Pravda" on the occasion of its 25th anniversary. June- awarding the Order of the Red Banner of Labor gas. "TVNZ".

1951 - 1960

1951, Aug.- participation of the Sov delegation. youth at the 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students in Berlin; 1953, Aug.- participation of the Sov delegation. youth at the 4th World Festival of Youth and Students in Bucharest; 1954, March 19-27- 12th Congress of the Komsomol; 1955, July- Aug.- by participating in the delegation of Sov. youth at the 5th World Festival of Youth and Students in Warsaw; 1956, Apr.- adoption by the 5th plenum of the Komsomol Central Committee of the decision “On the tasks of Komsomol organizations in connection with the decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPSU” (February 1956). May 18 - The Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR appealed to young people to go to construction sites in the east. and sowing regions of the country and in Donbass. July- Antifash. set of owls. youth organization was reorganized into the Committee of Youth Organizations of the USSR. 5 Nov- Decree of the Presidium of the Top. Council on awarding the Komsomol the Order of Lenin for great services in socialism. construction and especially in the successful development of virgin and fallow lands; 1957, July- Aug.- 6th World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow. 6 Dec. - Decree of the Presidium of the Top. USSR Council on awarding gas. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" with the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in connection with the release of 10 thousand. numbers; 1958, February 7- Decree of the Presidium of the Top. Council of the USSR on the establishment of Owls Day. youth. April 15-18 13th Congress of the Komsomol. November- on the initiative of the communists and Komsomol members of the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya depot, a movement of collectives and shock workers of communist labor developed in the country; 1959, July- Aug.- participation of the delegation of Soviet youth in the 7th World Festival of Youth and Students in Vienna; 1960, 27 - May 30- All-Union meeting in the Kremlin of the leaders of the competition for the title of brigades and shock workers of communist labor, convened by the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the Central Committee of the Komsomol.

1961 - 1971

1961, July- Aug.- World Youth Forum in Moscow (800 representatives from 106 countries), which discussed the problems of peace and friendship between peoples; 1962. 16-20 Apr.-14th Congress of the Komsomol. July August- participation of the Sov delegation. youth at the 8th World Festival of Youth and Students in Helsinki; 1963. Jan.- decision of the Komsomol Central Committee on the public conscription of youth to the most important construction projects in the country. April - post. The Komsomol Central Committee on strengthening the role of Komsomol organizations in the work of trade enterprises, societies, and catering. September- a gathering of young builders of the All-Union shock Komsomol construction projects in Siberia and the Far East; 1965, Feb.- post. The Komsomol Central Committee on the participation of Komsomol organizations in oil development. and gas fields of the West. Siberia and the Mangyshlak Peninsula. September- 1st All-Union rally of tourist winners. march of youth to the places of military glory of the owls. people; 1966, March- The Komsomol Central Committee established Badge of honor Komsomol and the annual Lenin Komsomol Prize for the best production. V region literature and art. May 17 - 21 - 15th Congress of the Komsomol; 1967, Apr.- The Komsomol Central Committee announced youth patronage over the construction and reconstruction of Ulyanovsk. July-Aug.- International meeting of youth in Leningrad dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. December- the plenum of the Komsomol Central Committee considered the issue “On the work of Komsomol organizations of universities in the communist education of youth”; 1968, June- All-Union Military Sports. game "Zarnitsa". July August- participation of owls. delegation to the 9th World Festival of Youth and Students in Sofia. Oct 3 - post. Central Committee of the CPSU "On the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol and the tasks of communist education of youth." 25 Oct. - ceremonial plenum of the Komsomol Central Committee dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme. Council of the USSR on awarding the Komsomol the Order of the October Revolution and awarding many orders. Komsomol organizations of the country. December- by decision of the 5th session of the Upper. The Council of the USSR created Permanent Commissions on Youth Affairs under the Council of the Union and the Council of Nationalities. Permanent commissions on youth affairs were established at the sessions of the Upper. Soviets of the Union Republics, local councils; 1969, March 27-Decree of the Presidium of the Top. Council of the USSR on awarding the publishing house of the Central Committee of the Komsomol "Young Guard" with the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for fruitful work in the communist field. education of children and youth, active participation in the development Soviet literature. March- 5th All-Union Meeting of Young Writers; 1970, April 10- All-Union Komsomol meeting “Work, study and live like Lenin.” It was attended by 54,236,780 Komsomol members, boys and girls, party and Komsomol veterans, participants in the October Revolution, the Civil and Patriotic Wars, party members, Soviets. and household workers. May 26-30 - 16th Congress of the Komsomol; 1971, May 3 - 10- All-Union Komsomol meeting "On the results of the 24th Congress of the CPSU and the tasks of Komsomol organizations to implement its decisions."

Lit.: To the heirs of the revolution. Party documents on the Komsomol and youth, [M.], 1969; Comrade Komsomol. Documents of congresses, conferences and the Central Committee of the Komsomol 1918 - 1968, vol. 1 - 2, M., 1969; 50 years of the Komsomol. Documents and materials, M., 1969; In the ring of fronts. Youth during the Civil War. Sat. documents, M., 1963; March of shock brigades. Youth during the years of restoration of the national economy and socialist construction. 1921 -1941 Sat. documents, M., 1965; Fire years. Youth during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941 - 1945. Sat. documents, [M.], 1965; Lenin V.I., About youth, M., 1966; Kalinin M.I., On communist education, M., 1958; Kirov S. M., About youth, M., 1969; Krupskaya N.K., Issues of communist education of youth, 2nd ed., M., 1966; Lunacharsky A.V., Lenin and youth, in his book: Silhouettes, M., 1965; Lenin Komsomol. Essays on the history of the Komsomol, vol. 1 (1918 - 1941), M., 1969; Combat relay of generations. Essays and documents about the heroic exploits of Komsomol members of the army and navy, M., 1963; Atsarkin A.N., Life and struggle of working youth in Russia (1901 - Oct. 1917), M., 1965; T r a i n i A. S., Bolshevik Party - leader revolutionary movement working youth in 1917, Krasnodar, 1965; Trushchenko N.V., Party and Komsomol. 1918 - 1920, Gorky, 1966; History of the Komsomol. Living Chronicle, notebook 1 - 3, M., 1966 - 68; The glorious path of the Lenin Komsomol. Literature Index, M., 1965. B. A. Balashov, V. V. Lutsky.

Leninist communist union youth of the Russian Federation(LKSM RF), (until February 2011 it was called “SCM RF”, the Union of Communist Youth of the Russian Federation)- an all-Russian public youth communist organization, positioning itself as the successor of the Komsomol on the territory of the Russian Federation and. It is part of the MSKO-VLKSM - the union of Komsomol organizations of the countries of the former USSR.

Leninist Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation Komsomol of the Russian Federation
Leader	Vladimir Isakov
Date of foundation
Headquarters	Moscow Maly Sukharevsky lane, building 3, building 1
Ideology	Marxism-Leninism Socialism
International	MSKO-VLKSM, WFDM,
Allies and blocks	Communist Party of the Russian Federation, RKSM, RKSM(b)
Number of members	56 800 (2017)
Motto	"Russia! Youth! Socialism!"
Hymn	International
Party seal	newspapers: "Flashlight" "Left Hand Drive" "Flame" "Pulse of the Young"
Website	www.komsomolrf.ru

In the period from 2004 to 2013, the duties of the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation were performed by State Duma deputy Yuri Vyacheslavovich Afonin.

After which, at the VI Plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, held on June 7, 2013, Anatoly Dolgachev was elected as the new leader of the Lenin Komsomol; who then held this position until June 2016.

But at the XV Plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, held on June 23, 2016 in the Moscow region, a change of leadership followed again: the Plenum granted Anatoly Dolgachev’s request to be relieved of his position in connection with the transition to party work (Dolgachev became the first secretary of the Primorsky Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation); Vladimir Isakov was elected first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation.

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Komsomol

The Leninist Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation is a Komsomol organization created in 1999, one of the successors of the one created on October 29, 1918 on the 1st All-Russian Congress unions of workers' and peasants' youth Komsomol ( original title Russian Communist Youth Union(RKSM), from 1924 - RLKSM, 1926 - Komsomol).

MSKO-VLKSM

In September 1991, the 22nd Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol considered exhausted political role Komsomol as a federation of communist youth unions and announced the self-dissolution of the organization. However, in January 1993, the Komsomol was recreated by activists of the former youth movement.

The headquarters of MSKO-VLKSM is permanently located in Moscow. At the congress, fundamental changes were made to the Charter and Program of the Komsomol, and other regulatory documents were adopted.

Today, the goal of the ISC-VLKSM is to coordinate actions and assist republican Komsomol organizations in achieving their program objectives. ISC-VLKSM also performs a representative function at the international level - participation of Komsomol members in world forums, congresses, etc.

Komsomol of the Russian Federation occupies one of the most significant positions in the ISCED-VLKSM.

SCM RF

SCM emerged from the part of the RKSM that most sympathized with the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, as well as its youth section. The founding congress of the SCM of the Russian Federation took place on February 20, 1999 (according to other sources, on May 29, 1999). At that time, SCM RF was one of the most numerous youth organizations across the political spectrum in Russia with an extensive network of regional and city branches. [ ]

In 2004 internal conflict in the Communist Party of the Russian Federation caused a split in the ranks of the SCM of the Russian Federation, which resulted in the existence of two organizations: SCM under the leadership of Yuri Afonin, who supported the course of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, and the independent SCM of the Russian Federation under the leadership of Zhukov. [ ]

Komsomol of the Russian Federation

At the V Congress on February 5, 2011, the SCM of the Russian Federation was renamed, with the consent of the living relatives of Vladimir Ilyich, into the Lenin Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation (LKSM RF).

On February 10, 2018, the VI Congress of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation was held. At the Congress, amendments were adopted to the Charter, the Program of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, new line-up Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation and the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation.

At the First (organizational) Plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Isakov was elected first secretary of the Leninist Komsomol.

Komsomol of the Russian Federation today

According to the Charter of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, as amended at the V Congress (February 5, 2011), the Leninist Communist Youth Union is an all-Russian public organization that is legally independent of any political parties, but supports the ideas of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Also, members of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation do not have the right to belong to any political parties, with the exception of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

The highest governing body of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation is the Congress, convened at least once every four years.

The permanent governing body of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation is the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation.

The basis of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation is made up of the primary associations of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, the governing body of which is the general meeting. They are created by territorial principle, that is, at the place of residence, study or work.

Citizens between the ages of 14 and 35 can be admitted as members of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation. Only citizens over 16 years of age are elected to the governing bodies of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation.

The regional network includes 80 regional organizations.

The Komsomol of the Russian Federation pays special attention to the anti-globalization movement, street protests, demonstrations and various types of protests.

In 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the delegation of the Lenin Komsomol took an active part in the All-Russian educational forum “Territory of Meanings on the Klyazma”

From October 14 to October 22, 2017, the XIX World Festival of Youth and Students was held in Sochi. Representatives of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation at all levels entered the preparatory committees, carrying out active work in them.

Program

The Leninist Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation unites young citizens of the country who share communist ideals and consider socialism the only development model with which the Russian Federation can overcome the systemic crisis in the economy, social and political spheres, and become a fully independent, prosperous state.

Komsomol media

Komsomol press - newspapers “Fonar”, “Levo rudya”, “Flame”, “Pulse of the Young”. Website of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation - http://komsomolrf.ru/ The main press service of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation is the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation for agitation and propaganda work, Evgeniy Drozdov.

Komsomol projects and projects implemented with the support of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation

Management

At the First (organizational) Plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, held on February 10, 2018, a new composition of the Secretariat of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation was elected:

A new composition of the Presidium of the Central Control Commission was elected

• Smotrakova Karina - Chairman of the Central Control and Audit Commission of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation

Regional branches

Far Eastern Federal District

Represented by 7 regional branches of the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, these are the Amur and Sakhalin regional branches, the Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk regional branches, the Yakutsk regional branch and the branch in the Jewish Autonomous Region.

Head of the district: federal Komsomol organizer for the Far Eastern Federal District - Evgeny Lyashenko.

Volga Federal District

The Volga District is represented by 14 regional branches. Perm regional, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Orenburg, Penza, Samara, Saratov and Ulyanovsk regional branches. Bashkir, Mari, Mordovian, Tatarstan, Udmurt and Chuvash republican branches.

Heads the federal Komsomol organizer for the Volga Federal District - Mikhail Kremlev.

North Caucasus Federal District

Unites 5 branches. Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkarian, Karachay-Cherkess and North Ossetian republican branches and Stavropol regional.

Federal Komsomol of the North Caucasus Federal District - Zarina Totrova.

Northwestern Federal District

It consists of 9 departments. Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod regional branches. Karelian and Komi republican branch, St. Petersburg city branch.

Federal Komsomol Organizer for the Northwestern Federal District - Anna Klochkova.

Siberian Federal District

Consists of 11 branches. Altai, Transbaikal, Krasnoyarsk regional branches. Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk and Tomsk regional branches. Branches of the Republics of Altai, Buryatia and Khakassia.

Federal Komsomol of the Siberian Federal District - Anton Artsibashev.

Ural federal district

6 branches: Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Tyumen regional branches. Branches of the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Federal Komsomol Organizer of the Ural Federal District - Denis Kurochkin.

Central Federal District

It consists of 18 branches. Belgorod, Bryansk, Vladimir, Voronezh, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Oryol, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tambov, Tver, Tula and Yaroslavl regional branches. Moscow city branch.

Federal Komsomol of the Central Federal District - Anastasia Baybikova.

Southern Federal District

Consists of 8 departments. Astrakhan, Rostov and Stalingrad regional branches. Branches of the Krasnodar Territory and the republics of Adygea, Kalmykia, Crimea. Branch of the city of Sevastopol.

Federal Komsomol Organizer of the Southern Federal District - Khalit Aitov.

Notes

1. Isakov Vladimir Pavlovich (Russian) // Wikipedia. - 2017-02-17.

Russian Communist Youth Union (RCYU)- a communist youth organization that unites left-wing youth in Russia. Formed in 1993 as a republican organization within the restored All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union.

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Komsomol in the last years of its existence

Delegates of the XXIII (restoration) Congress of the Komsomol (1992)

The first informal youth organizations of the orthodox communist sense were created within the Komsomol in 1989-91. - “Union of Young Communists” (November 1989), Youth Movement “Communist Initiative” (October 1990). After the transformation of the Komsomol into the “Russian Youth Union” (XXII Congress; September 1991), the leaders of the DMKI Igor Malyarov, Pavel Bylevsky, Andrei Ezersky created an organizing committee for the restoration of the Komsomol (“For the revival of the Komsomol”) and held a conference in November 1991, in which was attended by 50 delegates from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, North Ossetia, Bashkiria, Udmurtia and Transnistria. At the conference, it was decided to convene the “XXIII (restoration) Congress of the Komsomol” in the spring of 1992. The congress took place in two stages (April 18-19 and May 9-10, 1992). At it, a Central Committee was formed, the plenum of which, at the proposal of the Secretary of the Komsomol Moscow City Committee I. Malyarov, elected A. Yezersky as the first secretary of the Central Committee. By mid-1992, relations between I. Malyarov and A. Yezersky deteriorated, and, in the end, this led to I. Malyarov establishing the “Russian Communist Youth Union” in January 1993, and in April of the same year initiated the “XXIV Congress of the All-Union Komsomol Organization”, at which the Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian Komsomol actually created a “parallel” Komsomol, which, however, turned out to be a stillborn project.

Subsequently, the Komsomol of A. Yezersky and the RKSM no longer came into contact. At the same time, RKSM, judging by larger numbers and a better developed regional network, was a much more “promoted” organization. The contradictions between the Komsomol and the RKSM, of course, were not limited to personal disagreements between A. Yezersky and I. Malyarov. The reason was rather a different understanding of the ways of further development of the Komsomol. Supporters of I. Malyarov advocated a more flexible account of new realities, while supporters of A. Yezersky perceived such a position as pure revisionism, fraught with a rejection of Marxist-Leninist principles.

RKSM in 1993-1996

The Russian Communist Youth Union was formed as a republican organization within the Komsomol at the founding conference on January 23, 1993. Igor Malyarov was elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM. In April 1993, the RKSM actually broke off relations with the Komsomol A. Yezersky, taking part in the organization and holding of the “XXIV Congress of the All-Union Komsomol Organization.”

The 1st Congress of the RKSM was held on September 25-26, 1993. At the congress, the Program Statement and Charter were adopted, the Central Committee and the Central Control Commission were elected. All Russian communist parties were represented in the RKSM - mainly the RKRP (I. Malyarov) and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM V. Ponomarenko). At the beginning of 1995, I. Malyarov moved from the RCWP to the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, but continued to advocate for the RCSM to remain an independent political organization uniting young members of various communist parties. Leadership in the RKSM-oriented wing of the RKSM leadership then passed to the secretary of the RKSM Central Committee for ideology, secretary of the Moscow city committee of the RKSM Pavel Bylevsky, who in December 1995 proposed creating a youth section of the RKSM within the RKSM. At the same time, V. Ponomarenko attempted to create a youth organization of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on the basis of the RKSM. These trends were opposed by most of the Central Committee, headed by I. Malyarov. At the plenum of the Central Committee of the RKSM on February 12, 1996, V. Ponomarenko and P. Bylevsky were removed from the Central Committee. At the same time, the plenum of the Central Committee decided to support the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in the presidential elections, and I. Malyarov, on behalf of the RKSM, signed on March 4 an agreement on the creation of a “Bloc of People’s Patriotic Forces in support of G. Zyuganov.” After the February (1996) plenum, supporters of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the RCRP in the RKSM openly announced the formation of youth organizations of these parties.

First split. Education

On the eve of the III Congress of the RKSM (April 27-28, 1996), 11 regional Komsomol organizations, oriented towards the RKRP, issued a statement in which they proposed expressing no confidence in I. Malyarov for “the complete collapse of Komsomol work”, “split and discrediting the youth communist movement" Delegates from these organizations were not allowed to attend the congress, and therefore they formed the Initiative Organizing Committee of their own III Congress of the RKSM. In a special statement, supporters of the RCRP assessed the presidential elections of the Russian Federation as “ a bourgeois-democratic trick that distracts the working class from the fight for their rights, and the communists from their primary task - organizing the class struggle of the proletariat" On July 5-7, 1997, a founding congress was held in Perm, defined by its creators as “an independent union of communist, revolutionary, left-radical youth,” the goal of which is “ promoting the creation of a party of a new revolutionary type" And " carrying out the policies of the Russian Communist Workers' Party among the youth masses».

Pavel Bylevsky was elected first secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM(b).

RKSM in 1996-1999

After the “radicals” left the RKSM, the leadership of the organization, led by I. Malyarov, began to focus much more definitely on the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the “People’s Patriotic Union of Russia” created in August 1996. In particular, in March 1997, I. Malyarov headed the “People's Patriotic Union of Youth” - in fact, the youth organization of the NPSR. However, at the IV Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (in April of the same year), he was not included in the Central Committee of the Communist Party, after which he again began to emphasize that the RKSM is not an appendage of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, but independent organization. For its part, the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation set a course for creating its own youth organization.

Second split. Education SCM

Having spoiled relations with the leader of the RKSM I. Malyarov in the spring of 1997, the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation for almost two years gathered strength to establish a Komsomol organization controlled by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. The reason for this delay, apparently, was the acute shortage of young people in the party. The founding congress of the “Union of Communist Youth of the Russian Federation” took place only on February 20, 1999. The Chairman of the Council of the Youth Section of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in Moscow, Konstantin Zhukov, was elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation. Some of the regional branches of SCM were formed on the basis of the corresponding organizations of the RKSM. The plenum of the Central Committee of the SCM of the Russian Federation, held on May 23, 1999, decided on the entry of the Union as a collective member into the NPSR, and also emphasized that after the split in the RKSM that occurred in April, the “Union of Communist Youth” became “the largest youth communist organization on the territory of the Russian Federation” , and therefore takes responsibility for “the further development of the Komsomol movement in Russia.”

The tense relationship between I. Malyarov and the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation led to the fact that some of the regional organizations of the RKSM began to demand a change in leader. The opposition was led by the head of the Voronezh organization, Igor Makarov.

At the IV Congress of the RKSM, scheduled for April 18, 1999, its supporters planned to make a change of leadership in the Union, but a few hours before the start of the congress, I. Malyarov held a meeting of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RKSM, at which it was decided to dissolve all organizations that took anti-Malyarov positions. As a result, some of the oppositionists were not allowed to attend the congress at all, and some, led by I. Makarov, left the meeting hall, since the congress refused to cancel the decision to dissolve regional organizations and confirm the powers of all delegates without exception. The governing bodies of the RKSM formed by the congress included only supporters of I. Malyarov, and he himself was re-elected to the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee.

The opposition held its own congress, which was attended by 53 delegates from 22 regions, and elected I. Makarov as the first secretary of the Central Committee. The core of RKSM-2 was made up of Dagestan, Amur, Khabarovsk, Vladimir, Leningrad and other organizations. Some of them became members of the Union of Communist Youth of the Russian Federation in February 1999, but quickly became disillusioned with SCM. Representatives of RKSM-2 also took part in the founding congress of the Russian Patriotic Youth Union, which, according to the plan, was supposed to be an alternative to the NPSM, which remained after its First Congress (April 17, 1999) under the control of I. Malyarov.

RKSM in 1999-2003

On August 22, 1999, the leader of the RKSM I. Malyarov, on behalf of the “People's Patriotic Union of Youth,” signed an agreement on the creation of an electoral “Stalinist bloc: Labor Russia, officers - for the USSR.” The NPSM, thus, became one of the co-founders of the bloc - along with V. Anpilov’s “Labor Russia”, S. Terekhov’s “Union of Officers” and G. Tikhonov’s “Union” movement (left the bloc in September). I. Malyarov was given 5th place in electoral list, and after the departure of the Soyuz - 4th. Thus, the RKSM, which had previously been repeatedly accused of “right-wing opportunism,” unexpectedly swung so strongly to the left that it left even the left-wing radicals from the RKSM (b) far behind.

On June 20, 2002, Andrei Brezhnev announced the creation new party, later called the "New Communist Party". Malyarov became a member of its organizing committee. At the founding congress of the New Communist Party in the same month, he was elected chairman of the Central Committee of the NKP (A. Yu. Brezhnev became the chairman of the party). The leadership of the party included Daria Mitina, Alexey Pokataev and other leaders of the RKSM, as well as the editor-in-chief of the magazine “Communist” and the leader of the dwarf Communist Party - Left Russia (CPLR) Vladimir Burdyugov.

On September 19, 2003, Igor Malyarov died of acute pancreatitis. In November of the same year, the V Congress of the RKSM was held, which elected Alexei Pokataev as the first secretary of the Central Committee. Daria Mitina, a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 2nd convocation, became the second secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM.

Current state of RKSM

Having experienced several splits, the RKSM lost a significant number of its members. Today, RKSM remains a large left-wing youth organization with an extensive structure, a variety of activities from participation in elections, protests to publishing the Komsomol press, social activities. RKSM has extensive international ties with Cuba, North Korea, Ukraine, and Belarus. For more than ten years, a children's summer recreation program for Russian children has been running at the Sondowon international camp in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, implemented on the basis of an agreement between the Russian Komsomol and Kimirsenovsky socialist union youth of Korea. IN last years RKSM delegates traveled to Cuba to participate in the program of Cuban international brigades. Ties are established with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. RKSM is a member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth and a participant in the alte-globalist movement, sending its delegates to the World Festivals of Youth and Students and the Social Forums of Europe and Russia. Russian Komsomol members took part in the 6th camp named after. Che Guevara in 2009. Contrary to numerous claims Russian Komsomol is not a collective member of the “Left Front”, but a number of Komsomol members take personal part in the work of the “Left Front”

The highest governing body of the RKSM is formally its congress. It elects the Central Committee (CC) and the Central Control Commission (CCC). The work of the RKSM in the period between congresses is led by its Central Committee. It elects from among its members the first secretary of the Central Committee (leader of the organization) and secretaries of the Central Committee in areas of activity, as well as the Bureau of the Central Committee. The Central Committee also determines the powers and operating procedures of the Bureau of the Central Committee. Both the Central Committee of the RKSM and its Bureau are vested with the authority to register newly created regional branches of the RKSM.

The secretaries of the regional committees of the RKSM are elected by the plenary sessions of these committees, elected by conferences of regional branches. The regional committee registers the primary organizations of the RKSM. He also has the right to dissolve the primary organization or announce the re-registration of its members in the event of the actual termination of its activities or a contradiction with its Charter of the RKSM.

The control body in the RKSM is its Central Control Commission. It controls the financial and economic activities of the RKSM and compliance with the Charter by the governing bodies of the RKSM when they make decisions, as well as when they consider letters, complaints and applications.

The upper age limit for members of the RKSM is 30 years, however, membership in the organization can be extended upon the personal application of a Komsomol member by decision of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RKSM, and is also automatically extended for members of federal and regional governing bodies RKSM. The lower age limit for members of the RKSM is 14 years old, however, a member of the governing bodies of the RKSM must be at least 18 years old.

Activity

RKSM participated in international festivals of youth and students. Organized birthday celebrations (October 29). They took part in the annual holiday events on May 1 and November 7 and other actions of leftist forces, as well as in actions in memory of the defenders Soviet power, who died during the events of October 3-4, 1993.

In 1999, they organized protests against the bombing of Yugoslavia by NATO planes.

Since 2004, RKSM activists have been participating in left-wing youth camps organized by the Youth Left Front (MLF), and since 2006 - by the “Left Front”. Leftist youth undergo theoretical training and exchange struggle experience.

KOMSOMOL - all-Union Lenin-sky com-mu-ni-sti-che-sky union of youth. Mass youthful social-political organization in USSR, re-reserve for the fullness of the Kom-mu-ni-sti-che-skaya party of the Soviet Union, pro-vod-nik it in-li-ti-ki and ideo-logies in the youth environment, the medium of mo-bi-li-za-tions of youth for the decision of the people householder's tasks.

Ob-ra-zo-van on the initiative of the RCP (b) at the 1st All-Russian Congress of the Union of Workers' and Peasants' Youth -zhi as the Russian Communist Union of Mo-lo-de-zhi (RKSM; October 1918). In 1921, I declared myself “the only form of the mass movement of workers’ youth” and I tried to recruit “all of its masses” into its ranks.

In July 1924, the RKSM renamed V.I. Le-ni-na. In March 1926, the re-re-name-no-van in the All-Union Leninsky Kom-mu-ni-sti-che-sky Union of Mol-lo-de-zhi ( Komsomol) in connection with the formation of the USSR in 1922.

Young people between the ages of 14 and 28 could become com-so-mol-tsa-mi. In the 1920s - mid-1930s, the Komsomol og-ra-ni-chi-val received youth non-pro-le-tar-pro-is-ho-zh-de-niya , introduced Canadian experience (from 6 months to 2 years).

Numerical composition: 22,100 people (1918), over 2 million people (1928), over 42 million people (1984), about 21.3 million people (as of July 1, 1991). It was impossible to leave the Komsomol, as well as the CPSU, voluntarily (until 1990), only by decision of the Kom-so-mol organ-gas. new about the exception. The highest governing body of the Komsomol is the congress, the inter-congress is the elected Central Committee, elected from its own sta-va Bureau and Se-k-re-ta-ri-at. It was built, like the communist party, according to the principle of cent-tra-liz-ma (the decisions of the highest authorities were without -us-lov-but obligatory for the lower ones, lesser-shin-st-was oblig-but-to-be-subject to more-shin-st-vu), on based on the selection of all governing bodies (in practice, the formalization of but) and according to ter-ri-to-ri-al-no-pro-production sign (primary or-ga-ni-za-tions were created by month -you worked or studied com-so-mol-tsev and joined the district, city and other organizations in the territorial -ri-to-rii). Number of primary organizations: 8645 (1920), about 474.4 thousand (1987). In 1959, 34% of young people aged 14-28 were members of the Komsomol, in 1965 - 43%, in the mid-1980s - 60%.

The Komsomol is from na-chal-but for-mi-ro-val-sya as part of the party-state structure. In August 1919, the Central Committee of the RCP (b) and the Central Committee of the RKSM adopted a joint document “On the mutual relations of the RKSM and the RCP (b)”, in which it was indicated that the Komsomol recognizes the program and so on of the party. The Central Committee of the RKSM was not subordinate to the Central Committee of the RCP (b). Local committees of the Komsomol work under the control of local committees of the party. The 10th Congress of the RCP(b) (1921) obligated all young party members under 20 to join the Komsomol in order to become an active student -ness in his work.

The Komsomol did not have the right not to accept party members into its ranks, the reception was carried out automatically, without co-operation -blue-de-niya pro-tse-du-ry. According to the instructions of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the Komsomol in the late 1920s - 1930s carried out clean-ups, co-produced by the masses. so-you re-press-siya-mi. During the implementation of the “great ter-ro-ra”, 86.6% of the members of the Komsomol Central Committee were eliminated de-but from his staff [from the staff of the Central Committee of the Military-Industrial Complex (Bolsheviks) for the same period you-ve-de-but 66.2% of the members], dis- Liang General Secretary A.V. Ko-sa-rev and all the former first sec-re-ta-ri of the Komsomol Central Committee (except A.I. Mil-cha-ko-va). The 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (1939) established that only those com- munists who were whether from the bra-ns to the leadership of the com-so-mol-skie organs. The sec-re-ta-rya-mi ko-mi-te-tov of the Komsomol from the district committees to the Central Committee could only fight from party members.

Party you-ra-ba-you-va-la for the Komsomol political line of its activities, op-re-de-la-la sphere of work in a youthful environment, ru-ko-vo-di-la under-bo-rum and dis-a-new-koy kom-so-mol-sky cadres, osusche-st -in-la-la control over the activities of the Komsomol and gave him ma-te-ri-al-no-fi-nan-so-vuyu do-ta- tion (until 1959). Kom-mu-ni-stic party and go-su-dar-st-vo shi-ro-ko is-pol-zo-va-li Komsomol to attract youth to participate in the implementation of one’s own po-li-ti-ki, in the construction of important national facilities -ek-tov (see article Kom-so-mol-skie construction projects). Everything is on-the-right-of-the-mo-lo-dezh-noy po-li-ti-ki - society-st-ven-but-po-li-ticheskoe, cultural-tour-but-mas-so-voe , sports-tiv-noe, etc. - party osu-sche-st-v-la-la through com-so-mol.

Membership in the Komsomol creates a real advantage for young people when entering universities , admission to work, promotion in the service, etc. Young people up to 23 years old (in fact, up to 28) could join in the CPSU only through the Komsomol. Among those admitted to the party in 1966, com-so-mol-tsy made up 40.1%, in 1973 - 66.2%, in 1981 - 73.1 %.

After the 28th Congress of the CPSU, the party's refusal to intervene in the activities of youth nyh org-ga-ni-za-tions, 21st Congress of the Komsomol (1990) us-ta-no-vil org-ga-ni-za-ci-on-no-po-li-ti-tic sa-mo- the standing of the Komsomol in relation to the CPSU. After the August crisis of 1991, the 22nd extraordinary congress of the Komsomol (September 27) dissolved the organization, having recognized the political role of the Komsomol is ex-cher-pan-noy.

In the leadership of the Komsomol there were the Central (since 1969 Higher) Komsomol school (1944), republican and regional on-nye Kom-So-Mol-Schools, etc. The Central Committee of the Komsomol had publishing houses “Youth Guards” (since 1922), etc., you-ho-di-whether 230 periodical publications, including journals “Kom-so-mol-skaya life”, “Young kom-mu-nist”, “Smena” , “Rural mo-lo-de-zhi”, “Teh-ni-ka - mo-lo-de-zhi”, “Mur-zil-ka”, “Pio-ner”, newspapers “Kom- So-mol-skaya pravda”, “Pioneer-skaya pravda”.

Historical sources:

Thirty years of the Komsomol. Collection of do-ku-men-tov. M., 1949;

To-va-risch kom-so-mol: before-ku-men-you congresses, conferences and the Central Committee of the Komsomol. 1918-1968. M., 1969. T. 1-2;

To-va-risch com-so-mol. Before the congresses of the com-so-mo-la, ple-nu-mov, bureau and sec-re-ta-ria-ta of the Komsomol Central Committee. 1968-1982. M., 1983.

Russian Communist Youth Union (RCYU)- a communist youth organization that unites left-wing youth in Russia. Formed in 1993 as a republican organization within the restored All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union.

Story

Komsomol in the last years of its existence

Delegates of the XXIII (restoration) Congress of the Komsomol (1992)

The first informal youth organizations of the orthodox communist sense were created within the Komsomol in 1989-91. - “Union of Young Communists” (November 1989), Youth Movement “Communist Initiative” (October 1990). After the transformation of the Komsomol into the “Russian Youth Union” (XXII Congress; September 1991), the leaders of the DMKI Igor Malyarov, Pavel Bylevsky, Andrei Ezersky created an organizing committee for the restoration of the Komsomol (“For the revival of the Komsomol”) and held a conference in November 1991, in which was attended by 50 delegates from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, North Ossetia, Bashkiria, Udmurtia and Transnistria. At the conference, it was decided to convene the “XXIII (restoration) Congress of the Komsomol” in the spring of 1992. The congress took place in two stages (April 18-19 and May 9-10, 1992). At it, a Central Committee was formed, the plenum of which, at the proposal of the Secretary of the Komsomol Moscow City Committee I. Malyarov, elected A. Yezersky as the first secretary of the Central Committee. By mid-1992, relations between I. Malyarov and A. Yezersky deteriorated, and, in the end, this led to I. Malyarov establishing the “Russian Communist Youth Union” in January 1993, and in April of the same year initiated the “XXIV Congress of the All-Union Komsomol Organization”, at which the Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian Komsomol actually created a “parallel” Komsomol, which, however, turned out to be a stillborn project.

Subsequently, the Komsomol of A. Yezersky and the RKSM no longer came into contact. At the same time, RKSM, judging by its larger number and better developed regional network, was a much more “promoted” organization. The contradictions between the Komsomol and the RKSM, of course, were not limited to personal disagreements between A. Yezersky and I. Malyarov. The reason was rather a different understanding of the ways of further development of the Komsomol. Supporters of I. Malyarov advocated a more flexible account of new realities, while supporters of A. Yezersky perceived such a position as pure revisionism, fraught with a rejection of Marxist-Leninist principles.

RKSM in 1993-1996

The Russian Communist Youth Union was formed as a republican organization within the Komsomol at the founding conference on January 23, 1993. Igor Malyarov was elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM. In April 1993, the RKSM actually broke off relations with the Komsomol A. Yezersky, taking part in the organization and holding of the “XXIV Congress of the All-Union Komsomol Organization.”

The 1st Congress of the RKSM was held on September 25-26, 1993. At the congress, the Program Statement and Charter were adopted, the Central Committee and the Central Control Commission were elected. All Russian communist parties were represented in the RKSM - mainly the RKRP (I. Malyarov) and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM V. Ponomarenko). At the beginning of 1995, I. Malyarov moved from the RCWP to the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, but continued to advocate for the RCSM to remain an independent political organization uniting young members of various communist parties. Leadership in the RKSM-oriented wing of the RKSM leadership then passed to the secretary of the RKSM Central Committee for ideology, secretary of the Moscow city committee of the RKSM Pavel Bylevsky, who in December 1995 proposed creating a youth section of the RKSM within the RKSM. At the same time, V. Ponomarenko attempted to create a youth organization of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on the basis of the RKSM. These trends were opposed by most of the Central Committee, headed by I. Malyarov. At the plenum of the Central Committee of the RKSM on February 12, 1996, V. Ponomarenko and P. Bylevsky were removed from the Central Committee. At the same time, the plenum of the Central Committee decided to support the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in the presidential elections, and I. Malyarov, on behalf of the RKSM, signed on March 4 an agreement on the creation of a “Bloc of People’s Patriotic Forces in support of G. Zyuganov.” After the February (1996) plenum, supporters of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the RCRP in the RKSM openly announced the formation of youth organizations of these parties.

First split. Education

On the eve of the III Congress of the RKSM (April 27-28, 1996), 11 regional Komsomol organizations, oriented towards the RKRP, issued a statement in which they proposed expressing no confidence in I. Malyarov for the “complete collapse of Komsomol work”, “split and discrediting of the youth communist movement” . Delegates from these organizations were not allowed to attend the congress, and therefore they formed the Initiative Organizing Committee of their own III Congress of the RKSM. In a special statement, supporters of the RCRP assessed the presidential elections of the Russian Federation as “ a bourgeois-democratic trick that distracts the working class from the fight for their rights, and the communists from their primary task - organizing the class struggle of the proletariat" On July 5-7, 1997, a founding congress was held in Perm, defined by its creators as “an independent union of communist, revolutionary, left-radical youth,” the goal of which is “ promoting the creation of a party of a new revolutionary type" And " carrying out the policies of the Russian Communist Workers' Party among the youth masses».

Pavel Bylevsky was elected first secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM(b).

RKSM in 1996-1999

After the “radicals” left the RKSM, the leadership of the organization, led by I. Malyarov, began to focus much more definitely on the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the “People’s Patriotic Union of Russia” created in August 1996. In particular, in March 1997, I. Malyarov headed the “People's Patriotic Union of Youth” - in fact, the youth organization of the NPSR. However, at the IV Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (in April of the same year), he was not included in the Central Committee of the Communist Party, after which he again began to emphasize that the RKSM is not an appendage of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, but an independent organization. For its part, the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation set a course for creating its own youth organization.

Second split. Education SCM

Having spoiled relations with the leader of the RKSM I. Malyarov in the spring of 1997, the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation for almost two years gathered strength to establish a Komsomol organization controlled by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. The reason for this delay, apparently, was the acute shortage of young people in the party. The founding congress of the “Union of Communist Youth of the Russian Federation” took place only on February 20, 1999. The Chairman of the Council of the Youth Section of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation in Moscow, Konstantin Zhukov, was elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth Union of the Russian Federation. Some of the regional branches of SCM were formed on the basis of the corresponding organizations of the RKSM. The plenum of the Central Committee of the SCM of the Russian Federation, held on May 23, 1999, decided on the entry of the Union as a collective member into the NPSR, and also emphasized that after the split in the RKSM that occurred in April, the “Union of Communist Youth” became “the largest youth communist organization on the territory of the Russian Federation” , and therefore takes responsibility for “the further development of the Komsomol movement in Russia.”

The tense relationship between I. Malyarov and the leadership of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation led to the fact that some of the regional organizations of the RKSM began to demand a change in leader. The opposition was led by the head of the Voronezh organization, Igor Makarov.

At the IV Congress of the RKSM, scheduled for April 18, 1999, its supporters planned to make a change of leadership in the Union, but a few hours before the start of the congress, I. Malyarov held a meeting of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RKSM, at which it was decided to dissolve all organizations that took anti-Malyarov positions. As a result, some of the oppositionists were not allowed to attend the congress at all, and some, led by I. Makarov, left the meeting hall, since the congress refused to cancel the decision to dissolve regional organizations and confirm the powers of all delegates without exception. The governing bodies of the RKSM formed by the congress included only supporters of I. Malyarov, and he himself was re-elected to the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee.

The opposition held its own congress, which was attended by 53 delegates from 22 regions, and elected I. Makarov as the first secretary of the Central Committee. The core of RKSM-2 was made up of Dagestan, Amur, Khabarovsk, Vladimir, Leningrad and other organizations. Some of them became members of the Union of Communist Youth of the Russian Federation in February 1999, but quickly became disillusioned with SCM. Representatives of RKSM-2 also took part in the founding congress of the Russian Patriotic Youth Union, which, according to the plan, was supposed to be an alternative to the NPSM, which remained after its First Congress (April 17, 1999) under the control of I. Malyarov.

RKSM in 1999-2003

On August 22, 1999, the leader of the RKSM I. Malyarov, on behalf of the “People's Patriotic Union of Youth,” signed an agreement on the creation of an electoral “Stalinist bloc: Labor Russia, officers - for the USSR.” The NPSM, thus, became one of the co-founders of the bloc - along with V. Anpilov’s “Labor Russia”, S. Terekhov’s “Union of Officers” and G. Tikhonov’s “Union” movement (left the bloc in September). I. Malyarov was given 5th place on the electoral list, and after the departure of the “Union” - 4th. Thus, the RKSM, which had previously been repeatedly accused of “right-wing opportunism,” unexpectedly swung so strongly to the left that it left even the left-wing radicals from the RKSM (b) far behind.

On June 20, 2002, Andrei Brezhnev announced the creation of a new party, later called the “New Communist Party.” Malyarov became a member of its organizing committee. At the founding congress of the New Communist Party in the same month, he was elected chairman of the Central Committee of the NKP (A. Yu. Brezhnev became the chairman of the party). The leadership of the party included Daria Mitina, Alexey Pokataev and other leaders of the RKSM, as well as the editor-in-chief of the magazine “Communist” and the leader of the dwarf Communist Party - Left Russia (CPLR) Vladimir Burdyugov.

On September 19, 2003, Igor Malyarov died of acute pancreatitis. In November of the same year, the V Congress of the RKSM was held, which elected Alexei Pokataev as the first secretary of the Central Committee. Daria Mitina, a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 2nd convocation, became the second secretary of the Central Committee of the RKSM.

Current state of RKSM

Having experienced several splits, the RKSM lost a significant number of its members. Today, RKSM remains a large left-wing youth organization with an extensive structure, a variety of activities from participation in elections, protests to the publication of the Komsomol press, social activities. RKSM has extensive international ties with Cuba, North Korea, Ukraine, and Belarus. For more than ten years, a children's summer recreation program for Russian children has been running at the Sondowon international camp in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, implemented on the basis of an agreement between the Russian Komsomol and the Kimirsen Socialist Youth Union of Korea. In recent years, RKSM delegates have traveled to Cuba to participate in the program of Cuban international brigades. Ties are established with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. RKSM is a member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth and a participant in the alte-globalist movement, sending its delegates to the World Festivals of Youth and Students and the Social Forums of Europe and Russia. Russian Komsomol members took part in the 6th camp named after. Che Guevara in 2009. Contrary to numerous statements, the Russian Komsomol is not a collective member of the “Left Front”, however, a number of Komsomol members take personal part in the work of the “Left Front”

The highest governing body of the RKSM is formally its congress. It elects the Central Committee (CC) and the Central Control Commission (CCC). The work of the RKSM in the period between congresses is led by its Central Committee. It elects from among its members the first secretary of the Central Committee (leader of the organization) and secretaries of the Central Committee in areas of activity, as well as the Bureau of the Central Committee. The Central Committee also determines the powers and operating procedures of the Bureau of the Central Committee. Both the Central Committee of the RKSM and its Bureau are vested with the authority to register newly created regional branches of the RKSM.

The secretaries of the regional committees of the RKSM are elected by the plenary sessions of these committees, elected by conferences of regional branches. The regional committee registers the primary organizations of the RKSM. He also has the right to dissolve the primary organization or announce the re-registration of its members in the event of the actual termination of its activities or a contradiction with its Charter of the RKSM.

The control body in the RKSM is its Central Control Commission. It controls the financial and economic activities of the RKSM and compliance with the Charter by the governing bodies of the RKSM when they make decisions, as well as when they consider letters, complaints and applications.

The upper age limit for members of the RKSM is 30 years, however, membership in the organization can be extended upon the personal application of a Komsomol member by decision of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RKSM, and is also automatically extended for members of the federal and regional governing bodies of the RKSM. The lower age limit for members of the RKSM is 14 years old, however, a member of the governing bodies of the RKSM must be at least 18 years old.

Activity

RKSM participated in international festivals of youth and students. Organized birthday celebrations (October 29). They took part in the annual holiday events on May 1 and November 7 and other actions of leftist forces, as well as in rallies in memory of the defenders of Soviet power who died during the events of October 3-4, 1993.

In 1999, they organized protests against the bombing of Yugoslavia by NATO planes.

Since 2004, RKSM activists have been participating in left-wing youth camps organized by the Youth Left Front (MLF), and since 2006 - by the “Left Front”. Leftist youth undergo theoretical training and exchange struggle experience.