Career in the ranks political party Outstanding figures of the 20th century began: Winston Churchill at 26 and Theodore Roosevelt at 23 became members of parliament.
In Russia, young people have a chance to start even earlier, since the Constitution of the Russian Federation allows people to be elected to the State Duma from the age of 21. That is, while still a student and taking notes from his comrades, a young man or girl has a chance to achieve political influence, a service apartment in Moscow and a foreign car with a flashing light. There are only a few of these, however. The youngest State Duma deputy is 27 years old, and average age people's representatives - 49 years old. But this does not deter young people.
The party system in Russia is still infantile, the rules of the game are constantly changing. If you keep your nose to the wind, there is a chance to integrate into the vertical of power.
For a young man who is not exposed in the media, like Anton Sikharulidze, or does not have a couple of billions, like Rustam Tariko, the path to the coveted mandate begins at the lowest positions in the EdRa headquarters.
First steps
“To become a member of the United Russia party, it is enough to come to one of the district branches of the party or to the central headquarters on Konnogvardeisky Boulevard. To a young man To begin with, they will offer to become a party supporter. This means that within 3 months he is obliged to take part in all party events - congresses, street actions, pickets,” says Nikolai Konstantinov, chairman of the executive committee “ United Russia In Petersburg.
If a young man has career ambitions, then he should conduct propaganda and agitation as if he were Demosthenes and Cicero rolled into one. Instructions from senior comrades must be carried out especially carefully, demonstrating 150% diligence and accuracy.
“The most important qualities for getting on the party list, which gives the right to receive a deputy mandate, are sociability, energy and determination,” summarizes Nikolai Konstantinov.
The formal structure of United Russia provides for three full-time positions in each district of the city and 25 positions at the city headquarters - a total of 129 positions. Their salaries, however, are less than the salaries of support staff in district administrations.
Another opportunity to get closer to the powers that be is to become an assistant to a State Duma deputy, full-time or freelance. Such people are usually sought among senior students at St. Petersburg State University.
The leadership of United Russia has provided a 20% quota in the party list for youth. In principle, of the 315 mandates given to United Russia in the new Duma, 63 should be taken by people under 35 years of age.
You'll go right...
The path of young people who decide to participate in party activities is as follows. Joining the youth wing of the party, then 2-3 years active work to prove yourself proactive, executive, but most importantly - irreplaceable person in the party. This opens up new opportunities and allows you to be included in certain rooms. And in these offices sit the so-called “locomotives.” If you like them, they will move their protégé up after them. And there, even if it’s not a stone’s throw to the Olympus itself, you can perch at the foot.
In the glaze of ideology
“It’s interesting that among the fairly young leaders of United Russia there are those who not so long ago belonged to opposition movements: anarchists, social democrats, etc.,” notes Evgeny Konovalov, chairman of the Russian Social Democratic Youth Union. Coming to such a vertically structured organization as EP, they quickly achieve impressive results. They are greatly helped by the acquired ability to formulate thoughts. Those who did not like a party career still gain valuable experience. Many people open their own business and become quite successful people. They are often more experienced than their peers.
“The fact is that “United Russia has become less of a political structure and more of an bureaucratic structure with a clear chain of command. That's why there are few initiative people there. A ticket to life is given to those who prove their devotion by participating in informal events and currying favor with the “top,” says Evgeny Konovalov.
In general, we can say that now the number of lucky tickets for young people eager political career, decreased sharply. The main figures on chessboard“United Russia has long been separated. And in order to take her out of the field, you need not only to have the necessary “bag” with you, but also to catch luck by the tail.
A humble party supporter campaigns for a leader.
A charismatic party member speaks at a rally.
An indispensable deputy assistant.
A foreign car with a flashing light is an indicator of status.
The pinnacle of his career (but not the finish line) is the Speaker of Parliament.
Select the fragment with the error text and press Ctrl+Enter
For a professional political career, the level of education is critical. In the view of society, a politician should not only be well informed in all aspects of the life of the state, region or municipality, but also academically educated.
Most often, successful politicians have a legal or economic education. Any politician would benefit from understanding the basics of management, business, property management, international relations, as well as sociology.
Having an academic degree always characterizes any politician well. This gives an understanding that a person finds a balance between practice and a scientific approach.
Start of a political career: social movements
A political career often begins with social activities. Active participation in civil initiatives allows you to understand the basics of promoting ideas and achieving goals. At the same time, this is a good school for developing the skill of interacting with like-minded people and a wide range of the public.
Social activities often bring people together based on general interest, encouraging them to discuss as a team how to achieve their goals. Such “brainstorming sessions” can be useful in the future, when, having already political arena, you will need to occupy a certain niche of your work. For example, deputies different levels, in addition to their work on interaction and assistance to voters from electoral districts, take part in specialized committees - on construction, budget, social issues etc. The principle of division into committees makes it possible to determine which parliamentarians have more experience in specific areas of life. For example, in State Duma Each person can only serve on one committee. This was done in order to maximally concentrate the potential of parliamentarians on a specific area of activity.
Start of a political career: party work
The traditional start is to work in a party. The importance of correctly identifying the party to join cannot be underestimated. Switching from one party to another is not prohibited, but in the hands of opponents such a biographical touch as a change in party “color” can ultimately play a cruel joke.
Therefore, you should not rush to decide which party to join. You should study each of the regional branches: read the charter, software platform candidates, orders from voters to elected party representatives. A lot of valuable information can be gleaned from interviews with the heads of regional branches, as well as top officials of federal-level parties.
All this allows you to understand how much work on each specific political platform will be effective.
Communication with the press and voters
Politician is a public profession. A good politician can and does know how to interact correctly with the public. To begin with, you need to create general idea about the standard of living of residents of a particular municipality, as well as the region in which it is located. The focus is on the main problems (roads, transport, social security), social sentiments (the existence of an active civic unit or a passive society). Based on this, you should form your own block of proposals for discussion with colleagues in social movement or parties.
If the program is supported, it will require media support, which, in the absence of a specialist, can be done independently - invite journalists to a press conference, give interviews to individual publications, appear on television, or simply send out a detailed press release. A high degree of mention in the press will benefit both the party and the person in particular.
There can be only two reasons: First, you really want to do nothing, but still have everything. This is a philistine approach to the issue - forget and never think about it, this is not for you. Second - I really want to do something Real, but within the framework surrounding reality There is not enough room to implement ideas.
Political life is amazing world, living according to his Laws, Principles and Concepts. If you decide to study on your own political activity, then the first thing you need to do is understand yourself, no matter how banal it may sound. The first thing you need to think about is what your goal is. Historical experience shows that the greatest successes in the political field are achieved by people who bring ideas that are in demand by society. Finding a point where the interests of all groups of a community located in a large space converge is not easy; this requires either genius or experience.
How to make a political career
Perhaps the most in demand in government and useful to society today are entrepreneurs. After long journey, our society is gradually abandoning the Soviet stereotype of entrepreneurs as imperialist capitalists blood drinkers working people. Sitting on a bag of money fat person in a top hat, this is rather the antipode of a modern entrepreneur. Nowadays, the economically active part of society already sees successful entrepreneur a person capable of leading people, responsible for his actions and for the fates of people who entrusted him with the most precious thing they have - their time. Of course, this person must be successful, look attractive, have the inherent charisma strong spirit educated and broad-minded people. These processes were objectively reflected in the elections of the Governor of the Moscow Region. Andrey Vorobyov, who received the overwhelming majority of votes, is a representative of the new trend political life. Vorobyov gained his managerial experience in the field of entrepreneurship, creating in 1991-1998 a company that became OJSC Russian Sea Group of Companies. Today, the company he created is one of the largest sellers of fish and seafood in Russia. The company owns a factory in Noginsk and is engaged in the processing of red fish and the production of preserves and red caviar. The group accounts for about 7.1% of the Russian market of fresh frozen and chilled fish. The group's turnover in 2006 was estimated at $100-120 million. How can one not sincerely support a person who created such a business, who gave the opportunity to live with dignity to numerous company employees and their families. Of course, perhaps skeptics will say that administrative resources were used there, but they existed before, but no one who used them received such support. Phenomenal elections in Yekaterinburg. Residents elect Evgeniy Vadimovich Roizman as the head of the city. Any political strategist knows what a Candidate with Jewish origin, in confrontation with local authorities, previously convicted - victory is practically impossible if there is no “trump card” up your sleeve. And the secret of Roizman’s victory is that he created and successfully managed the Jewelry House company, he gained experience in entrepreneurial activity and was able to convince people of his ability to decide difficult questions, bear responsibility for the well-being of their families. His " trump ace"became demonstrated in in real life efficiency. Entrepreneurs face the most important problem - inefficiency government system, complex and cumbersome system administrative management. At its core, the following principles continue to dominate: “Initiative is punishable,” “The boss knows best,” “I’m the boss, you’re a fool.” Every entrepreneur, at a certain level of development of his business, faces a problem; he knows and understands it better than the official who sets tasks for him and his industry. Our state machine, having changed slightly, has been inherited from the times of Soviet period. The people working there are not inherently bad at all. Having looked around your surroundings, you will probably find an official who can be a wonderful, reliable friend, a brave and talented person. And if you talk in an informal atmosphere with officials, you will be convinced that most of them are patriots of their country, worry about its future, want to do something useful, and even more about the availability creative thinking Needless to say, it manifests itself in all its glory in elections. They are simply within the framework reflected back in the 19th century by Weber hierarchical structure bureaucratic structure that does not meet the challenges of 21st century society. Representatives state power not interested in rational use funds, and officials are even less concerned about the issues of generating profit for the state in the implementation of certain tasks. Why? Because the money that officials manage did not come to them in the process of entrepreneurial activity, the management is often controlled by people who have never risked everything to make a profit, were never afraid of not paying their people salaries because they did not earn it, and did not calculate the situation in advance. all possible variations for fear of going broke and depriving your family of their livelihood. All this can be seen on the surface: economically ineffective road construction sites and the constant relaying of asphalt on them, seasonal landscaping of the territory with annual plants and cheap disposable lawn, major renovation houses before demolition, laying pipes without proper engineering calculations - the list is endless... The natural desire of an effective and energetic person, if he has a desire to leave his contribution and mark on history, is to change the current situation. To do this, it is worth going to power.
Politics is a vast and rather complex area of human activity. It includes issues such as diplomacy, war, public finance, etc. Politics is also an important part of every person's life, since it is the political structure of society that determines the legal framework of our lives. This is why it is so important to understand the basic aspects of politics.
Steps
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Try to better understand how authorities work (not only political, but also economic). It is necessary to understand that democracy is not perfect, and therefore there are many aspects to consider if you really want to understand political issues and are going to contribute to changing this world for the better. It is useful to read the works of Marx, Rousseau, and other similar authors.
- Examine the power structure at all levels.
- Regularly replenish and expand your vocabulary.
- Be interested in the political structure of different countries, not limited to your home country. This will help you expand your political knowledge and deepen your understanding of politics.
- Study the names of departments and departments in power structures and try to understand what exactly they do, what they are responsible for and what powers they have.
- When you read a news story that involves a political figure, try to find out more about him on the Internet, study his political views and, if possible, his biography. This will help you better appreciate the scale of the event.
- Remember that "politics" mainly covers issues related to power and its role in your life, including social problems(abortion, same-sex marriage), economics, diplomacy, elections, laws, rights, working conditions, and the like.
- If you are planning to travel to other countries or if, for example, you need to send a certain amount to your loved ones living in another country, check foreign currency exchange rates.
Warnings
- Be careful with funds mass media and never blindly trust the facts presented in the media. Please note that they all work for certain structures and objective information can only be obtained by studying various sources, preferably representing the interests of opponents or opposing political groups. In any matter, it is important to know the versions of all parties to the conflict or incident.
- Always be open about your political views.
To get started, familiarize yourself with the different types of states and how they work. It is vital to know as much as possible about the system of government not only in your country, but also how things work outside of it, in order to understand how different governments interact with each other. Try to learn more about the pros and cons of different systems.
Learn how your country is governed, from the upper echelons of government to regional and local authorities. Familiarize yourself with the electoral system and legislative structure.
Find out what rights and to what extent you are guaranteed. In America, for example, people are guaranteed freedom of speech. However, freedom of speech ends where another person's rights begin. Threats of murder, for example, do not apply to freedom of speech. Know your rights and how you can exercise them.
Follow political news to stay up to date with the latest developments. In almost any publication, be it newspapers or electronic media, you will find a lot political news, including election information, coverage of social and economic issues, international events and much more.
Do as much research as possible into the current political situation. Look at how this or that event happened, what the consequences and impact on various areas it is fraught with people’s activities, and what they think different people on this occasion. Try to comprehensively analyze a specific event and discuss it with colleagues to find out also alternative points vision and more comprehensively imagine its meaning.
Try to get to the bottom of the meaning of all terms that you do not understand. Extension vocabulary very important and useful for gaining a deeper understanding of what politicians are talking about.
If you don’t understand something, ask your friends who are more knowledgeable about these issues. If you are faced with questions for which you cannot find answers even on the Internet, then contact experts who have special education and are able to simply and clearly explain to you the essence of the question that interests you.
Study the economic structures of different countries, their pros and cons. Economics is a key area in understanding political issues and it directly affects our lives. In every country, politicians have their own own ideas and your own approach to solving economic problems, so knowledge of international economic experience can be very useful.
Study biographies of politicians. There are plenty of websites where you can find information about who is who and who voted for whom. Just look at the objective, dry data about the policy you are interested in and, most likely, a lot will fall into place. This is especially important and useful in the run-up to elections, when you are not sure who to vote for.
There can be only two reasons: First, you really want to do nothing, but still have everything. This is a philistine approach to the issue - forget and never think about it, this is not for you. The second is that I really want to do something Real, but within the framework of the surrounding reality there is not enough space for the implementation of ideas.
Political life is an amazing world that lives according to its own Laws, Principles and Concepts. If you decide to engage in political activity on your own, then the first thing you need to do is understand yourself, no matter how banal it may sound. The first thing you need to think about is what your goal is. Historical experience shows that the greatest successes in the political field are achieved by people who bring an idea that is in demand by society. Finding a point where the interests of all groups of a community located in a large space converge is not easy; this requires either genius or experience.
How to make a political career
Perhaps the most in demand in government and useful to society today are entrepreneurs. After a long journey, our society is gradually abandoning the Soviet stereotype of entrepreneurs as capitalist-imperialists drinking the blood of the working people. A fat man in a top hat sitting on a bag of money is rather the opposite of a modern entrepreneur. Nowadays, the economically active part of society already sees in a successful entrepreneur a person capable of leading people, bearing responsibility for his actions and for the fates of people who have entrusted him with the most precious thing they have - their time. Of course, this person must be successful, look attractive, have the charisma inherent in strong-willed people, educated and broad-minded. These processes were objectively reflected in the elections of the Governor of the Moscow Region. Andrei Vorobyov, who received an overwhelming number of votes, is a representative of a new trend in political life. Vorobyov gained his managerial experience in the field of entrepreneurship, creating in 1991-1998 a company that became OJSC Russian Sea Group of Companies. Today, the company he created is one of the largest sellers of fish and seafood in Russia. The company owns a factory in Noginsk and is engaged in the processing of red fish and the production of preserves and red caviar. The group accounts for about 7.1% of the Russian market of fresh frozen and chilled fish. The group's turnover in 2006 was estimated at $100-120 million. How can one not sincerely support a person who created such a business, who gave the opportunity to live with dignity to numerous company employees and their families. Of course, perhaps skeptics will say that administrative resources were used there, but they existed before, but no one who used them received such support. Phenomenal elections in Yekaterinburg. Residents elect Evgeniy Vadimovich Roizman as the head of the city. Any political strategist knows what a candidate with Jewish origin is, who is in confrontation with the local authorities, who has previously been convicted - victory is practically impossible if there is no “trump card” up his sleeve.
I want to become a politician! But I don't know where to start...
And the secret of Roizman’s victory is that he created and successfully managed the Jewelry House company, he gained experience in business and was able to convince people of his ability to solve complex issues and be responsible for the well-being of their families. His “trump card” was the effectiveness demonstrated in real life. Entrepreneurs face the most important problem - the ineffectiveness of the state structure, a complex and cumbersome administrative management system. It is still based on the following principles: “Initiative is punishable,” “The boss knows best,” “I’m the boss—you’re a fool.” Every entrepreneur, at a certain level of development of his business, faces a problem; he knows and understands it better than the official who sets tasks for him and his industry. Our state machine, having changed slightly, has been inherited from the Soviet period. The people working there are not inherently bad at all. Having looked around your surroundings, you will probably find an official who can be a wonderful, reliable friend, a brave and talented person. And if you talk in an informal atmosphere with officials, you will be convinced that most of them are patriots of their country, worry about its future, want to do something useful, and let alone the presence of creative thinking; in elections it manifests itself in in all its glory. They are simply within the framework of the hierarchical structure of the bureaucratic structure reflected back in the 19th century by Weber, which does not correspond to the challenges of 21st century society. Representatives of government authorities are not interested in the rational use of funds, and officials are even less concerned about the issues of generating profit for the state in the implementation of certain tasks. Why? Because the money that officials manage did not come to them in the process of entrepreneurial activity, the management is often controlled by people who have never risked everything to make a profit, were never afraid of not paying their people salaries because they did not earn it, and did not calculate the situation in advance. all possible variations for fear of going broke and depriving your family of their livelihood. All this can be seen on the surface: economically ineffective road construction sites and the constant relaying of asphalt on them, seasonal landscaping of the territory with annual plants and cheap disposable lawn, major repairs of houses before demolition, laying pipes without proper engineering calculations - the list is endless... Natural The desire of an effective and energetic person, if he has a desire to leave his contribution and mark on history, is to change the current situation. To do this, it is worth going to power.
What do you plan to outsource in 2017?
How to become a politician? Which university should I go to?
How to become a politician?
There, one young deputy gave an interview and said so many nasty things (purely from a human point of view) that no one cares about the country, and that activists who want to change at least something for the better in the country are silenced with grenades through the windows...
Why should you take on this??
View similar questions
How to become a political leader
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It happens that the thirst for power completely takes possession of a person. Every day, on his way home from work, he hatches plans to climb to political Olympus. Thoughts are ripening in his head that will decide the fate of his homeland and the whole world. He constantly imagines the soft rustling of government limousine wheels on the Kremlin paving stones - the quiet sound of power. The laminated credentials of a deputy or a member of the government flash before your eyes, plates with your family name on leather-covered doors, cars with a “flag” on the license plate... “How can this be? - he thinks, tossing and turning on dark nights. - Look, Vladimir Vladimirovich is there, and Vladimir Volfovich too, but what about me? Why am I worse? Nothing!”
As soon as this truth settles into the brain of the future leader, he has an irresistible desire to become involved in the world that is described in the news. HOW? WELL OF COURSE YOU NEED TO WIN THE ELECTIONS. Elections are the best and most reliable social elevator that will quickly take you to the very top - where there is a secretary with a reception desk, a company car with government license plates and a large telephone that can easily be used to call places where ordinary telephones cannot reach.
Unable to withstand the internal tension, the young (old) man (woman) jumps out of bed, rushes to the computer and starts the Internet. There he will meet people who call themselves political consultants and image makers. They will teach you how to make ordinary people feel an irresistible desire to put a tick next to their name on the ballot. So,
Tip 1. Today, elections are won only by those who are able to embrace the interests of the majority of interested groups and reconcile them with the interests of the majority of voters. Therefore, first of all, decide with whom you are and whose interests you are ready to express - teachers, doctors, miners, single mothers... Next, you should search for supporters, allies and helpers. Remember that the most unexpected characters can become allies - from the local district inspector to Anatoly Chubais (depending on the scale of the elections). The most important thing is to convince them how much good you have done in the past and what necessary steps you can take in the future, after winning the election.
If this task is completed successfully, people will appear on your horizon with serious faces and quiet voices who will offer you “some help” in exchange for representing their interests. For convenience, let's call them sponsors. If enthusiasts do not show up, you will have to find funds for the campaign yourself. First, you need to find out which of the powerful of the world this (oligarchs, powerful officials, etc.) has its own interests in your constituency. Secondly, determine who will play against you and ask their “frenemy friends” for help. The enemies of our enemies are our friends! If you manage to lure some oligarch, consider yourself very lucky. There are few of them, poor ones, left in Rus'. And those who still exist sit quietly below the grass.
When raising campaign funds, you should find out who else your donors are investing in. It is important to study the experience of campaigning in similar regions.
Tip 2. We vote not for the program, but for the person. Any, even the most brilliant political doctrine requires a charming, attractive and attractive person for its promotion. Therefore, if you have a knee-deep belly, not a hair on your head, and your face more closely resembles the opposite part of your body, it is cheaper to pay for a campaign to a “promising guy” who will represent your interests. Recently popular among the political beau monde plastic surgery- this is not an option. Voters are extremely irritated by the attempts of other politicians to become like Michael Jackson.
Tip 3. Today voters are interested not so much in political programs as in personal information about the candidate (education, family, etc.). People are always concerned with the question: “Who are you and can you be trusted?” This information cell must be filled out. Otherwise, it will be filled with mass consciousness arbitrarily.
Take care of a convincing biography, which should bring you closer to voters in every possible way - from a simple family (people don’t like intellectuals), he achieved everything himself, I know what hard work and hardships are... The main thing here is to learn to speak heartfeltly about your childhood, youth, manhood, loss innocence and the daily fierce struggle for daily bread. The invaluable experience of a wallpaper paster or a car wash is presented as an important component of future legislative (administrative) activities.
Stories about the candidate’s sick wife, about the love that these people carried throughout their lives, remaining true friend friend, about worthy children and grandchildren. In such cases, spontaneous Slavic affection often comes into play, which defies logical calculation. Remember, for example, Yeltsin’s commercials with his family (1995), which largely added “humanity” to his appearance..
Be prepared to quickly change the emphasis in your biography according to the expectations of a specific audience. For example, the message “I come from the provinces”, if necessary, changes to the truthful, but opposite “I have lived and worked in Moscow for a long time”, information about academic scientific degree candidate - for information about production successes, etc. That is, it is necessary to cultivate in every possible way a sense of community between voters and the candidate (the notorious “We-feeling”: “We are Russians,” “We are collective farmers,” “We are the creative intelligentsia”).
Tip 4. Another principle of conducting a political campaign is the use of simple language that voters can understand. Under no circumstances should a candidate break away from the average intellectual level. The effectiveness of long, abstruse speeches or articles is usually zero. Peasants and most city residents reject the “cleverness of eggheaded intellectuals.” In other words, the specificity of Russia is that the majority of voters do not feel sympathy for an intelligent and intelligent politician. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to focus on simple everyday issues that are important and understandable to the majority of voters (increasing pensions, scholarships, fighting corruption, increasing the responsibility of officials, etc.).
Tip 5. People who are even more “eggheaded” do not like the notorious money “bags”. As a rule, this is why the nouveau riche, who spent millions on the campaign, lose elections resoundingly. A classic example is Bryntsalov. There are enough other “heroes”. IN Russian society The phenomenon of social envy is very strong. Plus, almost half of the population still has ambivalent attitudes towards business in general and businessmen in particular.
Hence the conclusion - it is extremely contraindicated for a candidate to brag about his income. By demonstratively emphasizing that he is a successful and wealthy person, the candidate automatically turns the majority of voters against him. When a man dressed in a suit costing several annual salaries of a minister and wearing a gold watch on his hand begins to talk about the troubles of the people, it always causes irritation. In politics, modesty has always been and will continue to be in fashion for a long time. However, it is important not to overdo it here. Dressing in a sweatshirt, replacing patent leather shoes with tarpaulin boots, telling everyone about your difficult childhood and starving parents is an old hackneyed trick. Today it misleads few people.
Tip 6. The psychology of voters is very similar to the psychology of children: both value sincerity above all else and do not accept falsehood. And they recognize them very well. That is why even a “barbarous” speech, spoken sincerely, is perceived by the audience much better than the ideal impromptu speeches of an experienced demagogue. Remember how irritating the smooth, streamlined speeches of the first and last president THE USSR.
Perfect acting and the ability to persuade are two different things. This is often forgotten by “serious” political strategists who strive to mold a candidate into an effective image. Sometimes a whole host of image makers teach a person how to answer questions from journalists, how to behave in front of television cameras, how to talk to the “common people.” All “coarseness” in pronunciation and speech errors are burned out with a hot iron. The problem is that along with the shortcomings, what is called personal charm and charisma often disappears. As a result, the “creators” get a candidate who looks a lot like a plastic Barbie doll. He irritates everyone simply because everything about him - from his hairstyle to the color of his socks - is chosen in such a way as not to irritate anyone. (In Russia there are a lot of “plastic” ones, for example, in SPS and Yabloko)
An ideal image cannot work effectively even on a virtual level - incongruence and falsehood are felt even in television footage skillfully “cut” by an experienced editor. Ideal is boring. People quickly get tired of idealism. People are interesting to others not for their banal merits, but for their cute and original flaws.
That is why any manifestations of natural human behavior by politicians have always caused massive excitement among the people: a drunken Yeltsin conducting a German orchestra; Putin, promising to soak everyone in the toilet... And Vladimir Volfovich, in a fit of anger, doused his opponent with juice, won the sympathy of the widest audience. Spontaneity of behavior always plays into the hands of politicians. By showing human weaknesses, big politicians become somehow closer ordinary people, which increases their attractiveness in their eyes.
The spirit of sincerity is much more important than “set” skills. A politician who sincerely and freely expresses his feelings about the situation, spontaneously expresses his opinion on what is happening, and due to such relaxed behavior, arouses the sympathy of others and thereby inclines them in favor of his opinion. Therefore, the main task of smart image makers is usually to first of all liberate the candidate, remove psychological barriers when communicating with the audience. Let us repeat: the psychology of voters is very similar to the psychology of children. They value sincerity above all and do not accept falsehood.
Khrushchev's popularity in America was much higher than in his homeland. If at home he was made the character of numerous jokes, then the visit to the USA raised the rating of the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee in this country higher than that of President Kennedy at that time.
How to make a career in United Russia
The simplicity with which Khrushchev behaved stunned millions of Americans. Against the backdrop of polished politicians Khrushchev, in a baggy suit, with the manners of a provincial farmer and rude humor, looked like a “man of the people” - this impressed the overwhelming number of people.
(Sheinov V.P. “Psychology of great personalities”).
Tip 7. Gain the trust of voters. No, you don’t need to beat your chest and shout in a scary voice: “Guys, believe me! I won’t deceive you!” Trust is created in a different way. Try to communicate with voters more often. Don't skimp on personal contacts with people. And most importantly, bring this fact to the attention of a wide audience.
Do you want to know the secret of popularity? current president Russia? Everything is very simple. No advertising. No administrative resource. None political programs. Just constant news reports and unobtrusive reports from the scene. Here is Putin with the miners. And here is Putin with the builders. Putin with the military. Putin at the controls of the plane. Putin in an orphanage. Putin lights a candle in the monastery. Putin makes a pilgrimage to places of Russian history. Putin answers questions from Russians on the phone. Youth rally in support of Putin. A watch with a portrait of Putin on the dial. Rugs with a portrait of Putin on the walls. Bronze busts of Putin in stores...
Poutine is served simple and approachable. Putin is your guy. Putin is almost a member of the family. Putin is our president! Western experts write: “Trust should be built not on abstract concepts, but on small but convincing facts.”
Tip 8. When you stand for election, be prepared to experience all the delights of the notorious “black PR” on your own skin. You will learn a lot about yourself.
I was accused of setting fire to a madhouse with all its inhabitants because it spoiled the view from my windows. Then came the message that I had poisoned my uncle in order to seize his property. The newspaper insistently demanded an autopsy of the corpse. Finally, the persecution to which hostile parties subjected me reached its highest point: at someone’s instigation, during an election meeting, nine children of all colors and in a wide variety of rags climbed onto the podium and, clinging to my legs, began to shout: “Dad! Dad!"
(Mark Twain, How I Was Elected for Governor)
If you do not want to be “crushed” by your opponents, do not react to their attacks. Moreover, if instead of responding to criticism you begin to justify your actions, voters will have no doubt that you are guilty of everything they accuse you of. The guilty one is always justified. Or weak. The strong can only express regret that his opponents stoop to such dirty methods.
Publicly feel sorry for your opponents. Pity them for taking bribes; for living double life; for the fact that they are trying to denigrate you, all so white and fluffy, with dirty methods... By expressing condescending sympathy towards your opponents, you seem to take the position of a parent who is upset by unreasonable children. "Parent" is the traditional role status of a leader. By taking on the position of a parent, you carry out a kind of “extension from above” in relation to your opponents. Opponents automatically fall into the position of a “child” who can be rewarded for good behavior and punished for bad behavior. The child is weak and unauthoritative...
Tip 9. The success of a political leader is always formed on the basis of the coincidence of two factors: voters’ expectations regarding political leadership and the individual characteristics of the leader himself. Here we come close to the concept of a politician’s image - the reflection of a candidate’s individual traits by his voters, his target audience.
In order for a group to recognize a politician as its leader, it must “see” in him a number of qualities that are important to them. On the one hand, a political leader must demonstrate such qualities as masculinity, fearlessness, determination, and ruthlessness towards enemies. On the other hand, he must be kind, fair, wise and sensitive towards “his own”.
When constructing a leader type (i.e., a set of optimal personality traits that will be demonstrated to voters), it is necessary to take into account the collective tendency of voters to perceive certain myths. This tendency is a social experience that is acquired automatically, on an unconscious level. This is a kind of historical memory of the people. Every society has its own “favorite” myths, determined by historical, cultural and ethnic factors.
For example, one of the most common Russian myths is based on the opposition: “A good tsar-father - bad boyars.” The Tsar-Father loves the people and wishes them well, but the damned boyars hide from him the truth about the people’s troubles... Having strangely transformed over many centuries, this myth lives in the mass consciousness of Russians today. It is actively used by all applicants for the highest government position. Both Gorbachev, Yeltsin, and Putin, having come to power, first of all positioned themselves in opposition to the “bad boyars”: party apparatchiks, bureaucratic officials, oligarchs, etc. This myth is still actively used today: “ Good President who wish the people well are bad officials, corrupt officials, criminal oligarchs.”
Generally speaking, the coming to power of a new ruler in Russia is always accompanied by general enthusiasm and an increase in popular expectations. Like, here he has finally come - a kind and fair master who will judge everyone... And bring order to the eternal Russian mess. In Russia, all new rulers are initially endowed with a large credit of popular trust, saying modern language- high rating. We will not dwell in detail on the 19th century, when the accession to the throne of the next king-father was always accompanied by general rejoicing and mass festivities. Let's take recent history. Today they rarely remember what people's love used by Khrushchev in the mid-1950s, Brezhnev in the late 1960s, Gorbachev in 1985/86, or Yeltsin in the early 1990s - at the beginning of his reign.
The eternal expectations of Russians for the arrival of a just “tsar-father” also explains V. Putin’s high rating in 2000-2001. I emphasize, precisely by expectations, and not by semi-mythical “electoral technologies”. (Supposedly, political strategists, led by the cunning Gleb Pavlovsky, gathered and “made” Putin a rating. Of course, deliberate steps in this direction were and are being taken, but they did not de facto determine Putin’s high rating at the beginning of his “reign.” This rating, by the way , from the second half of 2001 it gradually begins to deflate, which is fully consistent with the Russian political tradition: “First we love, then we hate.”) Political myths have great power.
However, relying on traditional myths is not enough to constantly reinforce popularity and mass support. This was well demonstrated by the examples of Gorbachev and Yeltsin. A leader must demonstrate success, no matter how small. They increase authority and influence on the masses. A leader should always look like a winning hero.
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Young Ukrainians are learning to counter opponents' arguments in debates and build winning strategies in elections. Some - for general development, others - intending to make a career in politics.
Who and why came up with a braid for the BYuT leader, the orange horseshoe of “Our Ukraine” and the blue and white flag of the Party of Regions, how to organize an election headquarters and win debates in a political talk show - future deputies, young and ambitious, but without millions behind them, today acquire valuable knowledge through numerous courses and trainings.
“Most people will communicate with you on a friendly note, but this does not mean that they will vote for you,” sociologist Evgeniy Kopatko teaches at the three-month Future Deputy Course. He and his teaching colleagues - famous political strategists Dmitry Vydrin and Denis Bogush, as well as social psychologist Oleg Pokalchuk, teach power-hungry youth to work with the electorate and lead election campaign. In the audience, no one shouts down anyone, fights or throws drinks at each other - the theoretical policy is very tolerant.
Everyone listens with interest and busily takes notes, understanding that in a country where life is divided into before and after elections, there will be little time for self-education. A month of training in parliamentary courses costs 800 hryvnia - which is symbolic: this is the living wage established by the Cabinet of Ministers on January 1, 2012.
The idea of trying one's hand in politics looks especially tempting given the constant sounding phrases that there are no worthy leaders in Ukraine. Those who are now between 17 and 33 want to prove that they will be there soon.
Schools for future politicians today operate throughout Ukraine. They are organized by youth organizations, political centers, foundations, local deputies. At such meetings they teach the basics of political science, psychology, law, PR, public speaking - everything that can be useful in a political career. Courses usually differ in the level of status of teachers and cost: you can study for 2,400 UAH. per month, and completely free. The latter option is possible if public organizations get involved.
In Chernigov, for example, the Youth of the 21st Century association conducts trainings from October to November for those who want to become political leader. There is no need to pay for training, but attending classes is required. Upon completion of the course, a certificate is issued. In addition to this, training participants receive an excellent platform for starting a political career in the form of a team of classmates from the courses.
“Politics is the only opportunity to accomplish all the assigned tasks,” says PR specialist Aleksey Belovol, a graduate of the Kyiv political course, enthusiastically, although somewhat vaguely.
Alexei has had a passion for politics since his youth: he voraciously read books about de Gaulle and Franklin. The final decision to take this path was made by participating in the role-playing game “Elections of the President of the Republic of Foros.” The goal of the game is to win the elections: for this you need to campaign, distribute leaflets and promises - in a word, everything is like in life.
Belovol was so inspired by the idea that he decided to work at the headquarters “for his uncle” and understand the nuances electoral process and will immediately begin the fight for the deputy seat.
What steps do you need to overcome to become a successful politician?
They are going to appeal to young people and entrepreneurs.
The creator of the “Course for the Future Deputy”, Yuri Lipchevsky from Kyiv, welcomes ambitions, but advises thinking carefully. His experience shows that you cannot become an influential politician in less than 10 years. Here, as in the army, in order to rise to the rank of general, you will have to go through the ranks of a soldier. For those who want to be a leader, Yuri recommends “going to the people” more often, communicating with voters (including those who seem not quite adequate) and not shying away from running for village councils.
A participant in one of the schools of young politicians, a student at the University of Banking, Nazar Odinaev, managed to put together his support group in this way. Taking advantage of his membership in one of the parties, in the 2010 elections he ran for deputy of the district council. I didn’t have a budget, so together with a team of like-minded people I distributed leaflets. Failed to win.
“To have a chance to pass, you have to quit your job and spend two months doing nothing but elections,” Nazar shares his experience. The student’s triumph was also hindered by the unfriendly intervention of third parties - they threatened to beat him up if he was too active a candidate. However, Nazar does not intend to retreat.
“If you don’t get involved in politics, it starts getting involved in you,” says 23-year-old Nazariy Boyarsky. He is the vice president of the Debate Academy, an all-Ukrainian organization that regularly organizes intellectual role-playing games that are popular in many countries. Teams of debaters try to convince each other that they are right. The range of topics is wide: from human rights to national identity. You should convince someone competently - by analyzing what was said and presenting your arguments, without sophistry and assault. Anyone can become a member of the Debate Academy by filling out a form on the website and paying an annual fee of 60 UAH.
One of the main ideas conveyed here is that debate is not an end in itself. Therefore, Boyarsky refuses to enter into a heated argument with me, for example, about the fact that the state language of Ukraine should be made not only Ukrainian, but also Russian, and also, for example, French. But if this idea were brought up as a bill for parliamentary hearings, Nazariy would begin his speech with the fact that this threatens to split the country, and would end with the fact that this idea is too expensive.
The main thing in debates is not to separate word and deed, Nazariy assures. That is, if a group of comrades foaming at the mouth (and this happens often) defends the need to take care of the cleanliness of cities, having finished arguing, they take a rake and go to confirm this.
Participants in the debate movement are also inspired by the example of Lesya Orobets. She proved in practice that changing the status of a debater who dreams of becoming a politician to a chair in Verkhovna Rada– absolutely real, becoming the youngest people’s deputy in the history of Ukraine.
Leader of the debate movement Donetsk region Alexey Verbitsky became interested in the topic of discussion clubs while still at university. Now the culture of debate is instilled even in schoolchildren. He is proud of his students - according to Verbitsky’s observations, most student actions in Donetsk today are organized by former or current debaters. So active civil position, legal knowledge, and most importantly - teamwork skills, make the participants of this movement very real contenders for the role of the new generation of Ukrainian politics.
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