Lowest air temperature. Where and when was the lowest temperature on earth?

Temperature may vary. And high degrees occur not only in some place on Earth, but also in a specific person or in a specific device.

Experts say that the highest average annual temperature, which was recorded for six years (from 1960 to 1966), was registered in Ethiopian Dallol. Then thermometers showed plus 34.4 degrees Celsius. The volcanic crater Dallol, however, is famous for the fact that it is practically all year round The air temperature remains at the same level, approximately plus 34 degrees. The crater is located 48 meters below the sea level, its diameter reaches almost one and a half meters. This place has another name - “the gates of hell.” It is quite difficult to stay here for a long time. However, there are indigenous people here. The local Tribes people are distinguished by their taciturnity and aggressiveness.

But in the American Death Valley, for 43 days in a row (this is from July 6 to August 17, 1917), the air warmed up to plus 48.9 degrees Celsius.

Death Valley

In Western Australia, namely in Marble Bar average temperature was above plus 32.2 degrees Celsius. And this lasted exactly 162 days in a row from October 30, 1923 until April 8, 1924. At the same time, the maximum temperature was plus 48.9 degrees Celsius.

The highest temperature on Earth, plus 58 degrees (and this is in the shade!) was recorded in the Libyan place of Al-Aziziya. It is located at an altitude of 11 meters at sea level. The record was recorded on September 13, 1922. On the same day in Saudi Arabia thermometers showed plus 58.4 degrees. The difference in readings is not so significant; it can be compared with the measurement error. Therefore, two places are considered the hottest in the world, that is, they have the highest temperatures.

Lunch without fire

Already in the new century, records continued. In the Libyan desert of Dashti Lut in 2005, experts noted that thermometers showed plus 70 degrees Celsius. To date, this is the highest temperature that has been recorded in the natural environment.

In such weather, a person can safely cook food without using fire. At plus 70, objects heat up under the sun so much that, for example, a car hood turns into a heated frying pan. And you can easily cook yourself first-class scrambled eggs with it. However, in such heat it is impossible to walk barefoot on the ground. In the shade the air warms up to plus 60 degrees.

And even despite such sultry weather, streams of tourists constantly flock to the Dashti-Lut desert. This place, in addition to its record temperature, famous for its high dunes. They can reach half a kilometer in height.

Hot stars

It turns out that the stars also glow with heat. The temperature of the substance in their depths is measured in millions of Kelvin. And the energy of almost all luminaries is released after thermonuclear reactions converting hydrogen into helium. The process occurs in internal regions at high temperatures. In the depths of stars, temperatures can reach 10-12 million degrees Kelvin.

Artificial temperature

Well, the highest temperature that man could create is about 10 trillion degrees Kelvin. For comparison, such heat was supposed to exist during the creation of the Universe. A record degree was obtained in 2010 at the Large Hadron Collider during the collision of lead ions, which were accelerated to near-light speeds.

However, this is not the only record artificial temperature in the world. American physicists have managed to achieve enormous temperatures in laboratory conditions since the creation of the Universe. This was done by colliding gold ions at Brookhaven National Laboratory. During the experiment, gold ions collided in a collider. Scientists have obtained quark-gluon plasma (after Big Bang The universe consisted of a similar quark-gluon plasma for a few microseconds) with a temperature of approximately 4 trillion degrees Celsius. She only lasted a few milliseconds. But this time was enough to obtain data for research for several years.

For comparison, the temperature of the Sun's core is 50 million degrees, and neutron star, which was formed after a type 2 supernova explosion - about 100 billion degrees Celsius. It turns out that the resulting substance has a temperature tens of thousands of times higher.

These studies, scientists say, make it possible to understand the processes that took place at the early stage of space development. And as a result, physicists plan to get closer to understanding why matter emerged from a homogeneous primordial mass.

Theoretically, the highest temperature is the Planck temperature. Temperatures above this simply cannot exist, since everything will be converted into energy. The record Planck temperature is approximately 1.41679(11)×1032 K (this is approximately 142 nonillion Kelvin).

The Large Hadron Collider

Previously, the highest temperature in the world was considered to be 520 million degrees Celsius. This is 30 times higher than the temperature at the center of the Sun. This figure was obtained on May 27, 1994 at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in the Tokamak experimental reactor.

Man and cat...

The highest temperature ever recorded in a person is 46.5 degrees Celsius. Theoretically, such heat is fatal. However, a 52-year-old man with such a thermometer reading was cured. This was done by doctors at the American Grady Memorial Hospital, in the state of Georgia. The record was recorded in the summer of 1980 and was included in the Guinness Book of Records. After a 24-day course of treatment, the man was discharged from the hospital. Theoretically, a temperature of 42ºС - 43ºС is lethal for humans, since it is at this temperature that proteins coagulate and metabolism in brain tissue is disrupted.

In animals normal temperature body exceeds the usual human 36.6 degrees. And among the record holders for thermometer readings is chicken. Her body temperature can rise to 42 degrees. The lizard's body temperature is much higher. In the sun it is 50-60 degrees. And this despite the fact that experts classify lizards as cold-blooded. Well, the most warm-blooded are birds. For their body, the norm is 42 degrees. Need for high temperature The explanation is quite simple - flight requires birds to have a high metabolic efficiency.
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Russia is the most big country in the world, occupies 1/8 of the Earth's land mass and is extremely rich in natural records. Here is the deepest lake in the world - Baikal, the highest mountain peak - Elbrus, Franz Josef Land, the northernmost archipelago on the planet, the longest European river - the Volga. The list could go on for a very long time.

In addition to geographical records, Russia holds another one - weather records. The fact is that it is on the territory itself big country the world's most recorded low temperature.

On the right bank side of the Yana River is located the most northern city Yakutia - Verkhoyansk. It’s hard to even call it a city. Rather, it is a small urban settlement with a population of 1,150 people, according to the 2015 census.

Frosts are not uncommon in Russia, but the town has become famous for its extreme weather conditions. It was here that on January 15, 1885, the temperature dropped to -67.8 0 C, which today is the lowest officially recorded temperature in the world in the territory of a permanently populated area. Such terrible cold is very difficult to survive today. And then in Verkhoyansk there was no centralized heating, and people themselves had to keep their houses warm with the help of firewood. During that harsh winter, many wild animals, birds and stray dogs froze.

The town confirmed its record in February 1892, and in the winter of 1933 the frost outside was -67.7 0 C.

It is interesting that in short summers the temperature here rises to 30 0 C. The absolute maximum was recorded in July 1988, when the air in Verkhoyansk warmed up to +37.3 0 C. Thus, Russia holds another record - the largest difference in maximum and minimum temperatures .

In 2005, townspeople attended grand opening memorial plaque in honor of the 120-year-old record - absolute temperature minimum on Earth in a populated area. Verkhoyansk has officially been awarded the status of the coldest city on the planet and the Pole of Cold of the Northern Hemisphere of the Earth.

Oymyakon, Yakutia

There is another settlement in Yakutia that defends the right to be called the coldest city in the world. Residents of the village of Oymyakona claim that it was here that the lowest temperature was recorded -82 0 C in January 1916. As proof that Oymyakon is the most severe place with a permanent population not only in Russia, but throughout globe, the following temperature data are provided:

• 1892 – minus 67.8 0 C,
• in 1924 and 1926 – minus 71.2 0 C,
• 1933 – “only” minus 67.7 0 C and minus 69.6 0 C,
• 1938 –77.8 0 C below zero.

IN this moment this information is being verified, and if it is officially confirmed that such terrible frosts were indeed observed in the Oymyakon Valley, then Verkhoyansk will lose its primacy as the coldest place on Earth and the Pole of Cold, and Oymyakon will receive these titles.

Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon are cities belonging to the Asian part of Russia. In the European part of the country, the lowest temperature was observed in the village of Ust-Shchuger (Komi Republic) on December 31, 1978 - -58.1 0 C.

Vostok station

We discussed above settlements, which have the harshest winters on the planet. If we talk about points earth's surface, where there is no permanent population, the lowest temperature in the world - -89.2 0 C - was recorded on July 21, 1983 at coordinates 78 0 27' south latitude and 106 0 50' east longitude. The most interesting thing is that these coordinates belong to the Arctic Russian scientific station “Vostok”. Again, the record belongs to Russia...

It was received at the center of the explosion thermonuclear bomb– about 300...400 million°C. Maximum temperature, achieved during a controlled thermonuclear reaction at the TOKAMAK thermonuclear test facility at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, in June 1986, is 200 million °C.

Lowest temperature

Absolute zero on the Kelvin scale (0 K) corresponds to –273.15° Celsius or –459.67° Fahrenheit. The lowest temperature, 2 10 –9 K (two-billionth of a degree) above absolute zero, was achieved in a two-stage nuclear demagnetization cryostat at the Low Temperature Laboratory of the Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, by a team of scientists led by Professor Olli Lounasmaa (b. 1930). ), which was announced in October 1989.

The smallest thermometer

Dr. Frederick Sachs, biophysicist from State University of New York State, Buffalo, USA, constructed a microthermometer to measure the temperature of individual living cells. The diameter of the thermometer tip is 1 micron, i.e. 1/50th the diameter of a human hair.

The largest barometer

The 12 m high water barometer was constructed in 1987 by Bert Bolle, curator of the Barometer Museum in Martensdijk, the Netherlands, where it is installed.

The greatest pressure

As reported in June 1978, the highest continuous pressure of 1.70 megabar (170 GPa) was obtained at the Carnegie Institution Geophysical Laboratory, Washington, USA, in a giant diamond-coated hydraulic press. It was also announced that in this laboratory on March 2, 1979, solid hydrogen was obtained under a pressure of 57 kilobars. Metallic hydrogen is expected to be a silvery-white metal with a density of 1.1 g/cm 3 . According to calculations by physicists G.K. Mao and P.M. Bella, this experiment at 25°C will require a pressure of 1 megabar.

In the USA, as reported in 1958, using dynamic methods with impact speeds of about 29 thousand km/h, an instantaneous pressure of 75 million atm was obtained. (7 thousand GPa).

Highest speed

In August 1980, it was reported that a plastic disk was accelerated to a speed of 150 km/s at the US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, USA. This maximum speed, with which a solid visible object has ever moved.

The most accurate scales

The most precision scales in the world - "Sartorius-4108" - were manufactured in Göttingen, Germany, they can weigh objects up to 0.5 g with an accuracy of 0.01 μg, or 0.00000001 g, which corresponds to approximately 1/60 of the weight of printing ink, spent on the period at the end of this sentence.

The largest bubble chamber

The largest in the world bubble chamber costing $7 million, it was built in October 1973 in Weston, Illinois, USA. It has a diameter of 4.57 m, holds 33 thousand liters of liquid hydrogen at a temperature of –247 ° C and is equipped with a superconducting magnet that creates a field of 3 Tesla.

The fastest centrifuge

The ultracentrifuge was invented by Theodor Svedberg (1884...1971), Sweden, in 1923.

The most high speed rotation received by a person is 7250 km/h. At this speed, a 15.2 cm conical carbon fiber rod was reported to be rotating in a vacuum on January 24, 1975, at the University of Birmingham, UK.

The most accurate section

As reported in June 1983, a high-precision diamond lathe at the National Laboratory. Lawrence in Livermore, California, USA, can cut a human hair lengthwise 3 thousand times. The cost of the machine is 13 million dollars.

The most powerful electric current

The most powerful electricity was generated at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, New Mexico, USA. With the simultaneous discharge of 4032 capacitors, combined into the Zeus supercapacitor, within a few microseconds they produce twice the electric current than that generated by all power plants on Earth.

The hottest flame

The hottest flame is produced by the combustion of carbon subnitride (C 4 N 2), which produces at 1 atm. temperature 5261 K.

Highest measured frequency

The highest frequency perceived by the naked eye is the oscillation frequency of yellow-green light, equal to 520.206 808 5 terahertz (1 terahertz - million million hertz), corresponding to the 17 - 1 P(62) transition line of iodine-127.

The most high frequency, measured using instruments, is the oscillation frequency of green light, equal to 582.491 703 THz for the b 21 component R(15) 43 – 0 of the iodine-127 transition line. The decision of the General Conference of Weights and Measures, adopted on October 20, 1983, to accurately express the meter (m) using the speed of light ( c) it is established that “a meter is the path traveled by light in a vacuum in a time interval equal to 1/299792458 of a second.” As a result, the frequency ( f) and wavelength (λ) turn out to be related by the dependence f·λ = c.

The weakest friction

Lowest coefficient of dynamic and static friction for solid(0.02) has polytetrafluoroethylene (C 2 F 4n), called PTFE. It is equal to friction wet ice o wet ice. This substance was first obtained in sufficient quantity by the American company E.I. Dupont de Nemours" in 1943 and was exported from the USA under the name "Teflon". American and Western European housewives love pots and pans with non-stick Teflon coating.

In a centrifuge at the University of Virginia, USA, in a vacuum of 10–6 mm mercury the supported one rotates at a speed of 1000 rps magnetic field rotor weighing 13.6 kg. It only loses 1 rps per day and will spin for many years.

Smallest hole

A hole with a diameter of 40 angstroms (4·10 –6 mm) was observed on a JEM 100C electron microscope using a device from Quantel Electronics in the Department of Metallurgy at the University of Oxford, UK, on ​​October 28, 1979. Finding such a hole is like finding the head of a pin in haystack with sides 1.93 km.

In May 1983, a beam from an electron microscope at the University of Illinois, USA, accidentally burned a hole 2·10 –9 m in diameter in a sample of sodium beta aluminate.

The most powerful laser beams

For the first time, it was possible to illuminate another celestial body with a beam of light on May 9, 1962; then a beam of light was reflected from the surface of the Moon. It was aimed by a laser (a light amplifier based on stimulated emission of radiation) whose sighting precision was coordinated by a 121.9 cm telescope located at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. A spot with a diameter of about 6.4 km was illuminated on the lunar surface. The laser was proposed in 1958 by the American Charles Townes (born 1915). A light pulse of similar power with a duration of 1/5000 can burn through a diamond due to its evaporation at temperatures up to 10,000°C. This temperature is created by 2·10 23 photons. As reported, the Shiva laser installed in the laboratory named after. Lawrence Livermore, California, USA, was able to concentrate a light beam with a power of about 2.6 x 10 13 W on an object the size of a pinhead for 9.5 x 10 –11 s. This result was obtained in an experiment on May 18, 1978.

The brightest light

The brightest sources artificial light are laser pulses that were generated at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, USA, in March 1987 by Dr. Robert Graham. The power of a flash of ultraviolet light lasting 1 picosecond (1·10 –12 s) was 5·10 15 W.

The most powerful source constant light is an argon arc lamp high pressure with a power consumption of 313 kW and a luminous intensity of 1.2 million candelas, manufactured by Vortec Industries in Vancouver, Canada, in March 1984.

The most powerful spotlight was produced during the Second World War, in 1939...1945, by General Electric. It was developed at the Hearst Research Centre, London. With a power input of 600 kW, it produced an arc brightness of 46,500 cd/cm2 and a maximum beam intensity of 2,700 million cd from a parabolic mirror with a diameter of 3.04 m.

The shortest pulse of light

Charles Shank and colleagues in the laboratories of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (ATT), New Jersey, USA, received a light pulse with a duration of 8 femtoseconds (8 10 -15 s), which was announced in April 1985. Pulse length equaled 4...5 wavelengths visible light, or 2.4 microns.

The longest lasting light bulb

The average incandescent light bulb burns for 750...1000 hours. There is information that, produced by Shelby Electric and recently demonstrated by Mr. Burnell at the Fire Department of Livermore, California, USA, first gave light in 1901.

The heaviest magnet

The world's heaviest magnet has a diameter of 60 m and weighs 36 thousand tons. It was made for a 10 TeV synchrophasotron installed at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Moscow region.

The largest electromagnet

The world's largest electromagnet is part of the L3 detector used in experiments at the Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) at the European Council for Nuclear Research, Switzerland. The octagonal-shaped electromagnet consists of a yoke made of 6400 tons of low-carbon steel and an aluminum coil weighing 1100 tons. The yoke elements, weighing up to 30 tons each, were manufactured in the USSR. The coil, made in Switzerland, consists of 168 turns, electrically welded to an octagonal frame. A current of 30 thousand A passing through an aluminum coil creates a magnetic field with a power of 5 kilogauss. The dimensions of the electromagnet, exceeding the height of a 4-story building, are 12x12x12 m, and total weight equal to 7810 tons. More metal was spent on its production than on construction.

Magnetic fields

The most powerful constant field of 35.3 ± 0.3 Tesla was obtained at the National Magnetic Laboratory. Francis Bitter at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, May 26, 1988. To obtain it, a hybrid magnet with holmium poles was used. Under its influence, the magnetic field created by the heart and brain intensified.

The weakest magnetic field was measured in a shielded room in the same laboratory. Its value was 8·10 –15 Tesla. It was used by Dr. David Cohen to study the extremely weak magnetic fields produced by the heart and brain.

The most powerful microscope

The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM), invented at the IBM Research Laboratory in Zurich in 1981, allows for magnification of 100 million times and resolution of details down to 0.01 atomic diameters (3 × 10 –10 m). It is claimed that the size of the 4th generation scanning tunneling microscopes will not exceed the size of a thimble.

Using field ion microscopy techniques, the probe tips of scanning tunneling microscopes are made so that there is one atom at the end - the last 3 layers of this man-made pyramid consist of 7, 3 and 1 atom. In July 1986, representatives of the Bell Telephone Laboratory Systems, Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, announced that they were able to transfer a single atom (most likely germanium) from the tungsten probe tip of a scanning tunneling microscope to a germanium surface. In January 1990, a similar operation was repeated by D. Eigler and E. Schweitzer from Research Center IBM Company, San Jose, California, USA. Using a scanning tunneling microscope, they laid out the word IBM single xenon atoms, transferring them to the nickel surface.

The loudest noise

Most loud noise, obtained in laboratory conditions, was equal to 210 dB, or 400 thousand ac. Watts (acoustic watts), NASA reported. It was obtained by reflecting sound from a 14.63 m reinforced concrete test stand and 18.3 m deep foundation designed for testing the Saturn V rocket at the Space Flight Center. Marshall, Huntsville, Alabama, USA, in October 1965. Sound wave This force could be used to drill holes in hard materials. The noise was heard within 161 km.

The smallest microphone

In 1967, Professor Ibrahim Cavrak of Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, created a microphone for a new technique for measuring pressure in a fluid flow. Its frequency range is from 10 Hz to 10 kHz, dimensions are 1.5 mm x 0.7 mm.

Highest note

The highest note received has a frequency of 60 gigahertz. It was generated laser beam aimed at a sapphire crystal at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, in September 1964.

The most powerful particle accelerator

Proton synchrotron with a diameter of 2 km at the National Acceleration Laboratory. Fermi, east of Bateivia, Illinois, USA, is the world's most powerful nuclear particle accelerator. On May 14, 1976, an energy of about 500 GeV (5·10 11 electron-volts) was obtained for the first time. On October 13, 1985, as a result of the collision of beams of protons and antiprotons, an energy in the center of mass system of 1.6 GeV (1.6 10 11 electron volts) was obtained. This required 1,000 superconducting magnets operating at a temperature of -268.8°C, maintained using the world's largest helium liquefaction plant with a capacity of 4,500 l/h, which came into operation on April 18, 1980.

Supplied by CERN ( European organization nuclear research) goal - to ensure the collision of beams of protons and antiprotons in the ultra-high energy proton synchrotron (SPS) with an energy of 270 GeV 2 = 540 GeV - was achieved in Geneva, Switzerland, at 4:55 a.m. on July 10, 1981. This energy is equivalent to that released during the collision of protons with an energy of 150 thousand GeV with a stationary target.

The US Department of Energy on August 16, 1983 subsidized research to create a superconducting supercollider (SSC) with a diameter of 83.6 km by 1995 using the energy of two proton-antiproton beams at 20 TeV. The White house approved this $6 billion project on January 30, 1987.

The quietest place

The 10.67 x 8.5 m "dead room" at the Bell Telephone Systems Laboratory, Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, is the most sound-absorbing room in the world, in which 99.98% of reflected sound disappears .

The sharpest objects and the smallest tubes

The sharpest human-made objects are the glass micropipette tubes used in experiments with living cell tissue. The technology for their production was developed and implemented by Professor Kenneth T. Brown and Dale J. Flaming at the Department of Physiology at the University of California at San Francisco in 1977. They obtained conical tube tips with an outer diameter of 0.02 μm and an inner diameter of 0.01 μm . The latter was 6500 times thinner than a human hair.

The smallest artificial object

On February 8, 1988, Texas Instruments, Dallas, Texas, USA, announced that it had succeeded in producing “quantum dots” from indium and gallium arsenide with a diameter of only 100 millionths of a millimeter.

Highest vacuum

It was obtained at the IBM Research Center named after. Thomas J. Watson, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA, in October 1976 in a cryogenic system with temperatures down to –269°C and was equal to 10 –14 torr. This is equivalent to the distance between molecules (the size of a tennis ball) increasing from 1 m to 80 km.

Lowest viscosity

The California Institute of Technology, USA, announced on December 1, 1957 that liquid helium-2 at temperatures close to absolute zero (–273.15°C) does not have viscosity, i.e. has ideal fluidity.

Highest voltage

On May 17, 1979, the highest electrical potential difference was obtained under laboratory conditions at National Electrostatics Corporation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. It amounted to 32 ± 1.5 million V.

Guinness Book of Records, 1998

This has been noted by experts for 6 years - since 1960. to 1966 on the Dallol volcanic crater located in Ethiopia. The temperature at the crater averaged around +34 degrees. But this place is different in that it is here almost the whole year temperature regime is approximately 34 degrees above zero. The diameter of this is about 1.5 m, and the “Gates of Hell” (as the locals call them) are located at forty-eight meters above sea level.

Stay here long time almost impossible. But there are indigenous people living nearby who are not very talkative, and are also incredibly aggressive.

Highest marks on a thermometer in the 20th century

In 1917, Death Valley in America experienced incredibly high temperatures for forty-three days in a row. The air warmed up to almost 49 degrees above zero.

A whole six months from 1923 to 1924. In Western Australia, residents lived with an average air temperature of +32 degrees. And the maximum mark on the thermometer was also almost +49 degrees.

The highest temperature in the world was recorded by scientists in 1922. in Al-Azizia (Libya). The city, where it was +58 above zero in the September shadow, is located eleven meters above sea level. The same temperature was observed on the same day in Saudi Arabia. That is why both of these places on the planet are recognized as the most.

The highest marks on the thermometer in our century

Incredibly “pleased” with the highest temperature Libyan desert Dashti-Lut, where in 2005 The thermometers showed 70 degrees above zero. Absolutely natural conditions Such a temperature was recorded only this time and in this place.

At this air temperature, objects become so hot that you can cook food without any equipment. For example, on the hood of a car, which simply replaces the stove. And in the shade at this temperature the air warms up to +60 degrees. Therefore, it is unlikely that anyone will want to walk barefoot, and it is simply impossible to do this, otherwise you can get severe burns.

Despite the incredibly high mark on the thermometer that can be recorded here, a huge number of tourists come to the desert wanting to see the half-kilometer-high dunes.

The highest temperature in Russia was recorded in 2010, when there was an abnormal heat wave throughout the country. In Volgograd and Tambov, the average summer temperature was 41 degrees above zero.

Highest artificially created temperature

The highest temperature in the Universe created by human hands is ten trillion degrees. It is this temperature, according to scientists, that accompanied the creation of our Universe. And in our time we got such an incredible temperature in the Large Hadron Collider in 2010. Scientists were able to see the record mark on the thermometer due to the fact that lead ions collided and accelerated to near light speed.

The highest artificial temperature indicator was also achieved by the Americans, who conducted experiments on the collision of gold ions. In this test, scientists obtained a temperature that was four trillion degrees.

To understand how high this temperature is, you can simply find out what the temperature of the Sun's core is - and it is equal to fifty million degrees. So we can conclude that the substance obtained by American scientists, which maintains the highest temperature for only a few seconds, has a temperature several tens of times higher than the natural temperature at the solar core.

Highest human temperature

The highest temperatures occur not only in various places on our planet, but also in humans. Temperatures above forty-two degrees are fatal. But in 1980 one 52-year-old American's temperature jumped to 46.5 degrees. However, he did not die at all - doctors successfully treated him and discharged him from the hospital after a 24-day course of treatment.

What's the weather like? In principle, it is possible to live at +50°C and -50°C, and even in a larger range. Air conditioners, fans and jackets will help us with this. Well, someone, of course, will die and nothing can be done about it, because we don’t live in a terrarium.

What is the lowest air temperature ever recorded on Earth?

The lowest air temperature on Earth was recorded at the Soviet Antarctic Vostok station on July 21, 1983, when the platinum thermometer at the weather site showed -89.2°C. This is the lowest temperature in the entire history of meteorological observations.

The lowest temperature recorded in our country is -78°C. Incredible frost occurred in the upper reaches of the Indigirka River.

The lowest air temperature in inhabited areas of the planet was recorded in 1964 in Yakutia in the village of Oymyakon - -71.1°C. The entire interfluve of the upper reaches of the Yana and Indigirka rivers is considered to be the region of the cold pole of the Northern Hemisphere.

What is the highest air temperature ever recorded on Earth?

The highest temperature on Earth recorded in Libya in 1922 is +57.8°C.

The highest soil temperature was recorded at Shurchi station in Uzbekistan. The temperature of irrigated light gray soils here reaches 79°C. At the Repetek station in Turkmenistan, the sand is heated to 77°C.

What is the maximum outdoor temperature a person can withstand?

A person may be exposed to dry air at very high temperatures for a short time. A person can tolerate temperatures of 160°C. This was proven by English physicists Blagden and Chantry, who conducted an experiment on themselves. A person can tolerate a temperature of 104°C for 26 minutes, 93°C for 33 minutes, 82°C for 49 minutes, and 71°C for 1 hour; This was established during experiments with healthy human volunteers.

What is the minimum outdoor temperature that a person can withstand?

It depends on the state of his health and clothing, but most importantly - on the speed of the wind. In Yakutia in winter, people spend hours in the cold, with air temperatures below -50°C, but they are dressed appropriately, and in the conditions of the central part of the Siberian anticyclone there is usually no wind. In Antarctica, winterers from continental stations also have to spend quite a long time outdoors, but there very coldy often accompanied strong wind. Therefore, warm, windproof clothing is not enough there, and people are forced to wear a mask or cover their faces with the hood of a fur jacket (“parkas”). Staff scientific stations in the Arctic and Antarctic, due to the nature of his occupation he is forced to systematically visit outdoors, sometimes uses electrically heated clothing, which weighs less than regular warm clothing, is less bulky, and less restricts movement. Minimum temperature, at which people spent a short time in the air, is -88°C.

And two more facts

The maximum temperature of solid objects with which people can come into contact for a long time is about 50 degrees Celsius (at a higher temperature a burn occurs).

At a constant body temperature of more than 42°C, a person dies.