What do you need to take to become a military pilot? Aviation specialties

There are many Earthlings, and we are all very different. But among all people, some are distinguished by a special character - an ineradicable desire for the sky, a thirst for flight. It is from them that the best civil and military aviation pilots emerge. But other applicants also come to the admissions committees of flight schools. Some people were simply drawn to romance, others saw lucrative prospects in a pilot’s license, others go along with a friend who is obsessed with the sky.

In any case, it is better for each of the future cadets to know in advance what awaits them upon admission to flight school and after graduation. Many points that should be thought about before sending documents to the school admissions committee may be important for a subsequent successful career.

Military or civilian?

The first thing a future pilot has to decide is which school to prefer, civilian or military. Military schools have stricter requirements, including disciplinary ones. They pay a small stipend, provide uniforms and housing (in the barracks). Upon completion, you will receive not only a higher military specialized education, but in addition also a civilian specialty in “Aircraft Operation”. The main problem in obtaining the specialty of a military pilot is that in Russia today there is only one higher military aviation educational institution left in Krasnodar, and enrollment there does not happen every year. Accordingly, the competition is high and becoming a cadet is not easy. Education at a military school is free, a referral can be issued by the military registration and enlistment office. There, applicants will be able to get up-to-date answers to all questions related to the career of a military pilot.

There are much more opportunities to get the coveted civil aviation pilot qualifications. But here you should first decide what these very crusts are needed for, what are your career aspirations and ambitions. To fly a light sports aircraft you do not need a higher education, but to work on large civil aviation airliners you need not only a higher education and a diploma as a line pilot, but also many hours of flight time.

Training in civil aviation educational institutions can be either budgetary or paid. There will be other costs associated with your studies. However, studying in a civilian school is a little easier, and the health requirements are a little more relaxed than in a military school.

What is needed for admission

• Good physical fitness and impeccable health. Applicants undergo a thorough medical examination, and even with excellent grades in the certificate and a high chance of passing the exams with “excellent” marks, they may fail due to health reasons. Moreover, if the student’s health worsens during his studies, the student may well be expelled.
• Age from 18 years
• Pass exams in the Russian language (exposition) and mathematics; for some specialties they also take physics
• Conclusion on professional suitability, which is issued after an interview with psychologists

What awaits a flight school graduate: career and prospects for professional growth

Like a driver's license, pilot certificates can be of different categories, and the opportunities that open up directly depend on the category. But not only the category is important: for example, graduates of higher educational institutions of civil aviation immediately receive a commercial pilot certificate, but this only gives them the right to fly as a co-pilot on most aircraft, and there are restrictions. This is due to the small number of hours flown.

Aviation is not only about ease of transportation, high-tech transport and travel around the world; this is a calling. Modern Russian airlines are experiencing an acute shortage of qualified personnel. The times when schools and institutes lacked teachers and equipment are long gone. Today, everyone can receive a comprehensive aviation education by learning on modern aircraft and simulators. Each educational institution is also equipped with laboratories, workshops and modern classrooms. There are civil aviation institutes and flight schools in many regions of Russia. Let's take a closer look at them.

To obtain higher education in the aviation field, you should enroll in a higher civil aviation flight school or a corresponding civil aviation institute. There are a lot of them in Russia. The most prestigious universities are located in the following cities:

• Ulyanovsk;
• Moscow;
• Saint Petersburg;
• Samara;
• Kazan;
• Chelyabinsk.

Today, university education programs include time-tested methods and modern European teaching technologies. The list of subjects that future graduates will encounter includes general and humanities disciplines, foreign languages, physical training, as well as highly specialized subjects.

Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation (UI GA) is one of the most prestigious universities in the country.

Future specialists, bachelors, and graduate students can get an education here. Here they study both full-time for 5 years and part-time (5.5 years). Students who already have specialized secondary aviation education or higher education behind them are trained in a shortened form. The institute offers a wide range of specializations including piloting, maintenance, flight control and management, and security. Cadets are provided with food and dormitory; The institute has a military department. The branches of the UI GA are several schools located in Sasovo, Omsk and Krasny Kut.

Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation (UI GA)

Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI) is a large research university. Here, not only the training of students takes place, but also the design and development of the latest achievements in the aviation, rocket and space spheres. You can study for a fee or free of charge, full-time and part-time. Special preparation courses for admission are organized for applicants.

MAI faculties include not only specialized disciplines and areas: there are opportunities for teaching social engineering, foreign languages, applied mathematics and physics. The remaining faculties graduate specialists in the field of radio electronics, management, computer science, aviation components, etc. A dormitory has been created for nonresident students. The military department is also present at the university.

Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI)

State Technological Institute named after. Tsiolkovsky, or MATI, trains students in the development and operation of equipment for astronautics, as well as humanitarian fields. Currently, the university is merging with Moscow Aviation Institute. The forms of education correspond to the previous institutes; there are training courses for schoolchildren and graduates, and a military department.

The State Aerospace University in Samara has the status of a research educational institution. Future designers of aircraft and their components, engineers and technologists, specialists in the field of printing, economics, energy, etc. are trained here. The university has a branch located in the city of Tolyatti. The university has the opportunity to receive correspondence education, and also runs preparatory courses.

St. Petersburg is home to two venerable universities, one of which is dedicated mainly to aerospace instrumentation, and the second to civil aviation. The lists of faculties and specialties here are similar to similar universities in the country.

The cost of paid training depends on the specific institute and faculty. At MAI, for example, the first year of study will cost at least 144,000 rubles for a full-time course and 59,000 rubles for a part-time course. In St. Petersburg, full-time training costs from 2000 USD. e. and from 1000 cu. e. it costs in absentia.

Samara State Aerospace University

How to enter an aviation university

The rules for admission to aviation institutes and universities are in some respects similar to admission to civilian institutions. Applicants take the Unified State Exam in the required subjects (most often the Russian language, mathematics and physics). In addition, a flight medical examination is required, during which a detailed examination of the health status of the future student is carried out. Passing the selection is possible only after passing the commission and a successful psychological interview.

If the scores are the same, applicants are selected based on their success in passing specialized subjects. Applicants who did not qualify for the budget can apply for paid study. Girls can also study at universities, but they are often not accepted for training to pilot aircraft.

Benefits upon admission may be provided to orphans and representatives of socially vulnerable segments of the population. The practice of targeted direction is widespread, when the enterprise provides the applicant with a guarantee of employment upon graduation.

Secondary specialized educational institutions in the field of aviation

In addition to universities or institutes, numerous civil aviation schools in Russia provide educational opportunities. They are located in different cities, have options for admission based on grades 9 or 11, and have different lists of specialties of study. Leading secondary educational institutions in the aviation sector are located in the following cities of Russia:

• Red Kut;
• Omsk;
• Buguruslan;
• Sasovo.

The Omsk Flight Technical College, the Krasnokutsk School and the Sasovo School are part of the branches of the Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation, and the Buguruslan School operates under the control of the St. Petersburg Institute of Civil Aviation. Such mergers of educational institutions help school graduates enroll on a short-term basis at institutes or get a job in leading Russian companies and enterprises.

Russian civil aviation flight schools after 9th grade train cadets for 3 years 10 months. This opportunity is provided by the Omsk Flight College. It offers several specialties: airplane and helicopter pilot (one of the few institutions that offer helicopter training), flight mechanic, aircraft mechanic, navigation and radio equipment engineer.

The school has about 1,000 students, including both full-time and part-time students. The selection process for college is very strict: as a rule, only half of the applicants successfully pass it. The cadets train on airplanes and the Mi-8 helicopter. For the successful development of the educational and methodological program, there is an airfield, hangars, warehouses, laboratories and workshops on the college territory - all for theoretical and practical classes.

Russian civil aviation flight schools after 11th grade are presented in a wider range of options. Omsk College, mentioned above, provides the opportunity to enroll after 11th grade. In addition to it, the Krasnokutsk School, a school for civil aviation pilots, operates in Russia. Education based on 11 classes lasts for a period of 2 years and 10 months. Future pilots train on 5 types of aircraft and various simulators. In total, about 300 people study in Krasny Kut. Cadets are provided with dormitory, food and uniform. There is the possibility of training on a paid basis, the cost of which for the entire period will be more than 100,000 rubles.

Omsk Flight Technical College

Future commercial pilots receive full-time training in Buguruslan. The duration of study is standard for the specialty. Each year, the school enrolls about 320 people; most of cadets study for free, the rest - at their own expense. The college has a large fleet of aircraft, simulators and other elements of modern equipment. Paid training here costs a lot, more than 2.7 million rubles for the entire time.

Sasovo also provides training for civil aviation pilots and information equipment technicians. Previously, this school was considered especially prestigious due to its proximity to the capital. Its current condition is also good: the school is well equipped with everything necessary. You can study for a fee or for free.

All Russian aviation schools, in addition to the general training course for cadets, provide paid services. This could be retraining of personnel, various courses including teaching English. Each of them is equipped with a dining room and catering unit; cadets are given free meals three times a day. In addition, colleges are equipped with assembly halls, sports complexes with various halls and sections, and dormitories.

Cadets on the territory of schools are required to comply with a strict daily routine and rules of behavior, leave the territory at a set time for a certain period, and meet the requirements in study and everyday life. Orphans and socially vulnerable cadets are provided with financial assistance, social scholarships, and allowances for the purchase of things necessary for study. Students of budgetary departments receive a scholarship.

Sasovo Flight School

The rules for admission to secondary specialized educational institutions are the same. First of all, the average score of the certificate after 9 or 11 grades is taken into account. Among them, mathematics, physics, Russian and foreign languages, in that order, are of particular importance. In case of dispute, grades in these subjects will be the deciding factor for admission. Passing marks may vary from college to college. They are high in Sasovo, Omsk and slightly lower in Krasny Kut and Buguruslan.

An equally important factor in how to enter a flight school in Russia is a psychological interview and a medical commission. The timing of its implementation is strictly established, since the duration of each certificate may be different. There is a fee for passing the commission. Usually it can be completed either at the educational institution itself or at another medical institution adapted for this purpose. The studies include a comprehensive examination of doctors: dentist, psychiatrist, narcologist, venereologist, radiologist, surgeon, etc. In addition, blood, urine, stool tests are taken, x-rays, ECG, etc. Successful completion of the commission is one of the most important conditions for enrollment in any aviation school.

For admission to both a college and a Russian university, the applicant’s application, identification documents, a certificate, and the results of the Unified State Examination in higher education are required. In addition, you will need an insurance card, military ID and medical insurance.

Employment after graduation from institutes and schools

Graduates of aviation educational institutions have a chance to get a job in their specialty in airlines, factories in the production of aircraft, helicopter and space equipment and air hubs. The chances of employment as pilots increase with a sufficient number of flight hours and a high level of foreign language proficiency.

Finding employment after graduation can be difficult, despite the fact that Russian enterprises require employees. As a rule, each secondary school cooperates with a number of organizations and companies that regularly send lists of vacancies. Many graduates choose to continue their specialized studies at the institute or go to military service.

Graduate employment statistics are carefully maintained by each school and can be made publicly available. Meetings with alumni and company representatives are held regularly.

In contact with

What profession is it - a pilot, where can you get a document certifying that you belong to it, what you should know before making a choice. What is needed to lift a plane into the sky? ? Is a certain amount of knowledge that is obtained in flight training schools or universities sufficient? These and many other questions are of interest to the young male generation.

Unfortunately for applicants and airlines, everything is not so simple. Moreover, the situation in the profession is extremely confusing - on the one hand, there is a shortage of pilots, on the other hand, graduates are not hired. But, everything is in order.

Selection criteria.

Educational institutions of this kind mainly exist on the basis of budget places, but not everyone who wants to get into them will get into them. The reason is to undergo a medical examination; any deviation from the norm may be a reason for refusal.

The future pilot must have a healthy heart, blood vessels, lungs, normal blood pressure, and the vestibular system without disorders. During the educational process, students, or rather, cadets, will repeatedly undergo a commission; in case of any health problem, you can part with the profession.

Pilots undergo medical examinations not only during training, but throughout their entire working life, they undergo them carefully, looking ahead with a bias. Probably for this reason, in our time, much fewer representatives of this profession graduate than literally a couple of decades ago, this leads to the fact that, for example, over a five-year period of time, twice as many pilots retire compared to those entering the service.

What are pilots taught?

The life of a flight student is very interesting and eventful. To begin with, he gets acquainted with the design of various types of aircraft. He studies the methods and possibilities of operating and controlling a vessel, in professional language this is called navigation, the scope of which includes the theory and practice of methods for controlling an aircraft, as well as routing - orienting it in the optimally chosen spatial path.

They study the design of aircraft and their engines, meteorology, and aerodynamics. They learn to provide first aid, jump with a parachute, and master lifeguard skills. And every pilot must know English to work on international flights.

Practice usually takes place in educational and training complexes on special simulators.

What awaits graduates?

But, despite the shortage of specialists in this profession, not every company opens its doors to young graduates, or rather, they won’t open it at all. After graduation from an educational institution where cadets acquire a large number of hours spent at the helm, you should improve your qualifications: increase your flight hours and obtain a flight license. The more hours a graduate flies, the more favorable he will appear to his future employer.

And this is where the graduate pilot faces a big problem. Even in the last century, all this was very easy and simple, but the training organizations that issued the license and helped to fly hours were closed or transferred to private management. Because all this is incredibly expensive - fuel, equipment, repairs and simple maintenance.

How to become a pilot without an educational institution.

As mentioned above, there are flying clubs that provide piloting courses and flight hours, mostly commercial, where a graded training system operates.

The first stage - upon completion, you are given a certificate as an amateur pilot, with which you can fly, but you will not be able to get a job, so to speak - you are your own pilot.

The second stage is a commercial pilot. Prior to obtaining a certificate of this level, students are allowed only if they have a certificate from the previous level. A pilot already has the right to work, fly light aircraft, and go on commercial flights on aircraft that have only one engine. Such commercial pilots are usually hired by small airlines to fly short distances.

The third stage is line pilots. A certificate of this category also cannot be obtained without the first two or a pilot’s diploma from any educational institution. A line pilot has ten times more flight hours than a university graduate and the right to fly all aircraft; these are the kind of pilots that airline employers are looking for. And they are not just looking, but literally, tracking and waiting.

To help future applicants, a list of the main higher and secondary educational institutions has been compiled.

No matter how much time has passed, no matter how many generations have changed, people’s desire to fly, to be a pilot or astronaut has not gone away. In order to become a pilot, you can take several paths. Firstly, get an education at a flight college, secondly, undergo practical training at a flying club. It’s up to you to decide how to become a pilot, but to make it easier to choose, we’ll look at these options in more detail.

How to become a real pilot

The first opportunity involves studying at a university. As we know, it lasts five years. But after receiving your diploma, you can try to get a job as a pilot for an airline. Of course, in order to take a good place, you will have to fly additional hours, since, on average, the flight time of a college and academy graduate is 150 hours, these indicators are often not enough.

In addition, before deciding how to become a pilot, you should study the requirements for To evaluate it, you will have to pass the 1000 m run, 100 m, and pull-ups. Only after passing this test the commission will make a decision: “recommended for training” or “not recommended.” The advantages of studying at a university are obvious: good theoretical training, the opportunity to study for free. However, if for some reason during the training process your health condition worsens, then there is a chance that you will never learn how to become an airplane pilot.

The second option is directly related to the flying club. You can take your first flight

Do it already in the first lesson, however, as a passenger. Various legal acts stipulate that pilots, in such conditions, have a large amount of not only theoretical, but also practical knowledge. At the same time, most often students do theoretical training themselves, and undergo a medical examination only at the end of training.

Pilot's license

In order to be able to fly an airplane independently, you must obtain a pilot's certificate. It confirms that the person knows how to become a pilot and has completed the full training.

The certificate is issued in three categories: private, line, commercial pilot. Studying at a university provides the opportunity to obtain a commercial pilot certificate. In the future, they can be commanders of single-engine or multi-engine aircraft, but with the condition that they are not used for commercial purposes.

If a person has completed regular courses, then upon completion he becomes a private (amateur) pilot. In this case, the right to independently fly a light aircraft appears, but without the possibility of being hired.

Only those who have more than 1,500 hours of flight time become linear. Moreover, higher demands are placed on pilots in this category.

In order to find out, you also need to know that airline and commercial pilots are further divided into classes. The first one is considered the highest. If you are thinking about becoming a helicopter pilot, you must at least obtain a private pilot certificate.

In any case, if your intention to master this profession is serious, and your health is at the highest level, go for it! All in your hands!

The profession of a pilot is very difficult by its very nature. It requires enormous endurance and emotional stress. There are flights that last almost 14 hours, and all this time the pilot should not be distracted from work - he needs to monitor the instruments and check their serviceability. What it takes to become a passenger plane pilot and how to become a civil aviation pilot in Russia is of interest to many who are in love with the sky.

The pilots themselves say that in itself it is a very beautiful job. Nevertheless, it is also dangerous, although it is not officially recognized as such. After all, during a flight various emergency situations may arise - from engine failure to a terrorist attack on board. The pilot must be prepared for any of these situations and know what and how to do. How to become a civil pilot in Russia?

In general, the pilot must not only control the aircraft during the flight, but also prepare for the flight, inspect the aircraft before departure, and be able to manage the crew of the airliner.

The most important thing is to ensure the safety of each and every individual passenger on board. This is a huge responsibility that falls on the shoulders of the pilot, especially the PIC.

What is needed for this?

First of all, of course, very good health. Pilots regularly undergo medical examinations. commission, and are also examined by a doctor before the flight.

Excellent vision and hearing, excellent eye, impeccable mental health, good vestibular apparatus - this is not a complete list of health requirements for pilots.

The work of a pilot is complex and intense.

Work experience, the availability of certificates, permits and a diploma from a flight school, as well as good knowledge of the English language also play an important role in the development of a future pilot.

As for the PIC, they also need to be a Personality with a capital P. After all, they are the ones who make all the main decisions regarding the flight and during emergency situations.

You must constantly be concentrated and attentive. The slightest mistake can cost the lives of not only the pilots themselves, but also all passengers on board.

Where in Russia do they train to become a civil aviation pilot?

There are only a few educational institutions in Russia where future pilots are trained. It's quite difficult to get there. To do this, you must be in excellent health (before admission you must pass a medical commission) and pass exams in basic technical disciplines.

At the same time, if during training your health deteriorates (at least according to one indicator), then you may be removed from training.

Ulyanovsk Higher Aviation School and St. Petersburg Academy of Civil Aviation- here are the best flight training institutions where they study for 5 years.

Omsk LT College of Civil Aviation, Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation, Krasnokutsk Flight School and Buguruslan Flight School - a list of other educational institutions where training lasts 3 years.

It’s more difficult not to even get in there than to complete your studies. After all, theory is one thing, but being in a real cockpit is quite another.

Upon graduation from college/academy

When a future pilot completes his training only 150 hours of flight time. This is very little, because to become a passenger airliner pilot you need at least 4,000 flight hours.

At the moment in Russia there is a huge problem with working the required number of hours. The Soviet Union had a well-established training system for passenger airliner pilots.

At first they worked on forest protection or other similar aircraft. Then they transferred to domestic airlines and the last stage was international flights.

Pilots learn throughout their lives.

Now this system is no longer in effect. For this reason, airlines have to hire pilots with a minimum set of flight hours. As sad as it may be, this is directly reflected in the level of service on the flight.

Some of the pilots go abroad and gain experience there, working as a pilot for small companies or as an instructor. For example, in the USA, such work allows you to earn money.

On the contrary, in Russia they don’t pay anything for this. Also individual companies have their own flight schools, training in which makes it easier to find a job.

In addition, you must have a special flight pilot or commercial pilot certificate. To receive them, you must graduate from an academy or college. It's like a driver's license that allows you to fly an airplane.

Plus, pilots have categories - 1, 2 and 3. Respectively, To get the first category, you need to unlearn grades 2 and 3. And in general, throughout their career, pilots undergo various advanced training courses. This means that pilots need to learn constantly.

How to get a job at a major airline?

As noted above, for this, first of all must have a large number of flight hours and a commercial or airline pilot certificate.

To get a job at a good airline, a pilot must have a certain number of hours.

Of course, each individual airline has its own requirements for candidates. For example, how to become an Aeroflot pilot from scratch?

To do this, you need to have one for each aircraft model at least 500 hours of flight time, and he must also know English at level 4 on the ICAO scale. This is an international organization under the UN. It sets the rules and regulations for civil aviation around the world.

You must have a higher or secondary education with the rank of pilot. The break in work should not exceed 5 years, and you already know about having a line pilot certificate.

What is required to get a job as a flight attendant and what their salary is, indicated and